VTE ILE 8
what are ways a thrombus can form?
-after a major injury or surgery
-overly active coagulation system
-inactivity
what age group is it more likely in?
-elderly, but can happen to anyone
where does a thrombus normally start?
deep vein thrombosis in the leg
What happens if the thrombus dislodges and moves to the lung?
PE (pulmonary embolism)
risk factors for DVT
-immobility
-pregnancy or postpartum
-previous or active cancer
-recent surgery
-previous DVT or family history of DVT
->40 years old
-hormone therapy or oral contraceptives
-limb trauma and/or orthopedic procedures
-coagulation abnormalities
-obesity
What are symptoms of a DVT?
-pain
-discoloration of leg
-calf or leg pain or tenderness
,-warm skin
-surface veins become more visible
-leg fatigue
What are the initial symptoms of a DVT?
pain, tenderness, erythema (redness), swelling
What are the 3 factors of formation? (Virchow's Triad)
1. stasis of blood
2. hypercoagulability of blood
3. vessel wall injury
How can a risk for DVT be evaluated?
Wells Score
what does a wells score of >4 mean?
PE likely
What does a Wells score of </= to 4 mean?
PE unlikely
What is the next step to run if the Wells score is </=4 which means a PE
is unlikely?
D-Dimer test
What needs to happen if the D-Dimer test is positive?
Imaging
What does it mean if the D-Dimer test is negative?
, PE ruled out
What is the imaging is positive?
begin anticoagulation meds
What is the Well score is >4, which means PE likely, what is the next
step?
Imaging
what is the imaging is positive?
begin anticoagulation meds
What if the imaging is negative?
PE ruled out
What does a thrombolytics do?
-dissolves a formed clot
why don't we usually use a thrombolytic?
the risk of bleeding outweighs the benefit
What does the medication class antithrombotics include?
-anticoagulants
-antiplatelets
What do anticoagulants do?
inhibit clotting factors
what are ways a thrombus can form?
-after a major injury or surgery
-overly active coagulation system
-inactivity
what age group is it more likely in?
-elderly, but can happen to anyone
where does a thrombus normally start?
deep vein thrombosis in the leg
What happens if the thrombus dislodges and moves to the lung?
PE (pulmonary embolism)
risk factors for DVT
-immobility
-pregnancy or postpartum
-previous or active cancer
-recent surgery
-previous DVT or family history of DVT
->40 years old
-hormone therapy or oral contraceptives
-limb trauma and/or orthopedic procedures
-coagulation abnormalities
-obesity
What are symptoms of a DVT?
-pain
-discoloration of leg
-calf or leg pain or tenderness
,-warm skin
-surface veins become more visible
-leg fatigue
What are the initial symptoms of a DVT?
pain, tenderness, erythema (redness), swelling
What are the 3 factors of formation? (Virchow's Triad)
1. stasis of blood
2. hypercoagulability of blood
3. vessel wall injury
How can a risk for DVT be evaluated?
Wells Score
what does a wells score of >4 mean?
PE likely
What does a Wells score of </= to 4 mean?
PE unlikely
What is the next step to run if the Wells score is </=4 which means a PE
is unlikely?
D-Dimer test
What needs to happen if the D-Dimer test is positive?
Imaging
What does it mean if the D-Dimer test is negative?
, PE ruled out
What is the imaging is positive?
begin anticoagulation meds
What is the Well score is >4, which means PE likely, what is the next
step?
Imaging
what is the imaging is positive?
begin anticoagulation meds
What if the imaging is negative?
PE ruled out
What does a thrombolytics do?
-dissolves a formed clot
why don't we usually use a thrombolytic?
the risk of bleeding outweighs the benefit
What does the medication class antithrombotics include?
-anticoagulants
-antiplatelets
What do anticoagulants do?
inhibit clotting factors
