HUSH Final Exam Study Guide_ Updated and Correct Detailed Questions and Answers_ A+ Graded 100% Excel

HUSH Final Exam Study Guide_ Updated and Correct Detailed Questions and Answers_ A+ Graded 100% Excel When did Pangaea start to break apart? - CORRECT ANSWER-225 million years When was the Canadian Shield formed? - CORRECT ANSWER-10 million years ago When was the Great Ice Age? - CORRECT ANSWER-2 million years ago When were the oceans glaciers and when did the sea level dropped, leaving an isthmus? - CORRECT ANSWER-35,000 years ago What was the Bering Isthmus? - CORRECT ANSWER-It was the bridge of land that connected Asia to North America. When did the ice start to retreat and melt, raising the sea levels and covering up the Bering Isthmus? - CORRECT ANSWER-10,000 years ago How did early people come to the Americas? - CORRECT ANSWER-by using crude boats or across the Bering Isthmus By the time Columbus arrived in America, how many people may have already been living in North and South America? - CORRECT ANSWER-over 54 million What affect did sparse populations in North America have? - CORRECT ANSWER-They made it easier for the Europeans to colonize the continent. When were people able to reach sub-Saharan Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-1450 What allowed for the Portuguese to reach sub-Saharan Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-the invention of the caravel (a ship that could sail into the wind) Where did the Portuguese set up trade posts? - CORRECT ANSWER-along African beaches What did the Portuguese trade? - CORRECT ANSWER-slaves, gold, and habits that were originally done by the Arabs and Africans Why was Columbus exploring in the first place? - CORRECT ANSWER-He was looking for a new trading route with the Indies. About how many of the crops cultivated around the world today originated in America? - CORRECT ANSWER-3/5 What does the Columbian Exchange refer to? - CORRECT ANSWER-the increase in global commerce (globalization) What happened to the Taino natives within 50 years of the arrival of the Spanish in Hispaniola? - CORRECT ANSWER-Their population decreased from 1 million to 200 people due to diseases brought by the Spanish. What happened to the Indians in the centuries following Columbus' arrival? - CORRECT ANSWER-90% of the population died to diseases Who was the dominant exploring and colonizing power in the 1500s? - CORRECT ANSWER-Spain What document divided the Americas between the Spanish and the Portuguese? - CORRECT ANSWER-the Treaty of Tordesillas What was the reason that Spanish conquistadors had for coming to the Americas? - CORRECT ANSWER-in the service of God as well as in search of gold and glory How did the islands of the Caribbean Sea benefit the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-they served as offshore bases for the staging of the Spanish invasion of the mainland Americas When did colonial administrators replaced the conquistadors in Mexico and in Peru? - CORRECT ANSWER-1530s in Mexico and 1550s in Peru Who were mestizos? - CORRECT ANSWER-They were the children of conquistadors and Indian women. What kind of bond did the mestizos form between Latin America's European and Indian races? - CORRECT ANSWER-They formed a cultural and biological bridge. When did Hernan Cortes set sail from Cuba? - CORRECT ANSWER-about 1519 Who were the translators that Hernan Cortes used? - CORRECT ANSWER-a Spanish prisoner of Mayan-speaking Indians and an Indian slave named Malinche Where did the Spaniards arrive and with what intention? - CORRECT ANSWER-They arrived in Tenochtitlan with the intention of stealing all of the gold and other riches. They were amazed by the beauty of the capitol. When did the Aztecs attack the Spanish because of the Spaniards lust of riches? - CORRECT ANSWER-June 30th, 1520 When were the Spanish able to take over the capitol and the rest of the Aztec empire? - CORRECT ANSWER-August 13th, 1521 What happened to the Indian population in Mexico due to the rule of the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-it went from 20 million to 2 million in less than a century When did the Spanish build a fortress at St. Augustine, Florida and for what purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER-in 1565 to protect the sea-lanes to the Caribbean When did the Spanish capture New Mexico? - CORRECT ANSWER-1609 When did the natives launch a rebellion against the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-1680 What was the name of the rebellion launched by New Mexican natives against the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pope's Rebellion (1680) What happened during Pope's Rebellion? - CORRECT ANSWER-The natives burned down churches and killed priests. They rebuilt a kiva on the ruins of the Spanish plaza at Santa Fe. What is a kiva? - CORRECT ANSWER-a ceremonial religious chamber What did the misdeeds of the Spanish in the New World lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER-the "Black Legend" What was the "Black Legend"? - CORRECT ANSWER-It was a false concept that states that the conquerors just tortured and killed that Indians, stole their gold, infected them with smallpox, and left little but misery behind. When did the Spanish get to Santa Fe? - CORRECT ANSWER-1610