Foundations: Instructional design & MRK
Instructional Design Definition:
Systematic process used to design, develop, and implement learning
experiences and products based on a model of planning that is methodical and
organized - 4 parts: "learners, objectives, methods, and evaluation" (Morrison et
al., 2013)
Instructional Design Goal:
· "The goal of instructional design is to make learning more efficient, more
effective and less difficult" (Morrison, Ross, Kalman, & Kemp, 2013, p. 2).
· Determine the "performance problem"
· "Never assume that instruction is the answer to all problems" (Morrison, Ross,
Kalman, & Kemp, 2013).
6 Instructional Design Models:
· Morrison, Ross, & Kemper (MRK)
· ADDIE
· ASSURE
· Backwards Design
· Universal Learning Design
· Dick & Carey
Advantages of Instructional Design
● Systematic
● Common set of terms
● Makes learning more efficient
● Saves time and $$ when done well
● Focuses on identifying the problem & specific solutions
, Dis advantages of Instructional Design
● Time consuming
● Because it is often represented as a flowchart, people see the process as
linear and inflexible
What is the definition of MRK?
This circularity is achieved by viewing the nine core elements of the model as
interdependent rather than singular and independent.
What are the elements of MRK?
Holistic Approach
Learner Centered
Continuous Cycle of Revision
Know for it's 9 interdependent core elements
Uniqueness -
flexibility
elements can be done in any order or skipped altogether if something doesn't
apply to your situation
Oval in shape to represent flexibility and interdependence...not rigid order
No arrows indicate process is cyclical - any element can be addressed at any
time
What does the shape look like?
MRK Instructional problems
1) Identify performance problem of the client (your boss)...what is it that person
wants your students to know and be able to do...
MRK Learners characteristics
Instructional Design Definition:
Systematic process used to design, develop, and implement learning
experiences and products based on a model of planning that is methodical and
organized - 4 parts: "learners, objectives, methods, and evaluation" (Morrison et
al., 2013)
Instructional Design Goal:
· "The goal of instructional design is to make learning more efficient, more
effective and less difficult" (Morrison, Ross, Kalman, & Kemp, 2013, p. 2).
· Determine the "performance problem"
· "Never assume that instruction is the answer to all problems" (Morrison, Ross,
Kalman, & Kemp, 2013).
6 Instructional Design Models:
· Morrison, Ross, & Kemper (MRK)
· ADDIE
· ASSURE
· Backwards Design
· Universal Learning Design
· Dick & Carey
Advantages of Instructional Design
● Systematic
● Common set of terms
● Makes learning more efficient
● Saves time and $$ when done well
● Focuses on identifying the problem & specific solutions
, Dis advantages of Instructional Design
● Time consuming
● Because it is often represented as a flowchart, people see the process as
linear and inflexible
What is the definition of MRK?
This circularity is achieved by viewing the nine core elements of the model as
interdependent rather than singular and independent.
What are the elements of MRK?
Holistic Approach
Learner Centered
Continuous Cycle of Revision
Know for it's 9 interdependent core elements
Uniqueness -
flexibility
elements can be done in any order or skipped altogether if something doesn't
apply to your situation
Oval in shape to represent flexibility and interdependence...not rigid order
No arrows indicate process is cyclical - any element can be addressed at any
time
What does the shape look like?
MRK Instructional problems
1) Identify performance problem of the client (your boss)...what is it that person
wants your students to know and be able to do...
MRK Learners characteristics
