medical technology test 1 FULLY SOLVED & UPDATED

1.5-2 hrs - ANSWER-study time per subject medical laboratory science/technology - ANSWER-Profession concerned with providing information based on performance of analytical tests on body substances medical laboratory scientist - ANSWER-Work under direction of a Pathologist who is director of the clinical laboratory mls responsibilities - ANSWER-Immunohematology (Blood Bank/Transfusion Medicine) Hematology Clinical Chemistry Microbiology Serology/Immunology Microscopy (Urinalysis) Others: Flow Cytometry, Cytogenetics Phlebotomy, Molecular Diagnostics physician - ANSWER-pathologist 1960s - ANSWER-physician assistant began in 1965 - ANSWER-first physician class admitted to duke in physician - ANSWER-functions to prevent and treat illness and injuries anatomic pathology - ANSWER-Autopsy (Necropsy) Histopathology Cytopathology clinical pathology - ANSWER-Core Lab Automated, semi-automated, manual tests cytology - ANSWER-pap smears histology - ANSWER-frozen section, biopsy analysis serum and plasma - ANSWER-two parts of blood specimens - ANSWER-Urine Sputum Spinal fluid Feces Gastric contents plasma - ANSWER-whole blood (RBC, WBC, platelets) serum - ANSWER-clotted blood clotting factors - ANSWER-serum does not contain clotting factors - ANSWER-plasma contains Anticoagulant - ANSWER-Prevents blood from clotting Keeps blood in liquid form lavender top - ANSWER-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) green top - ANSWER-heparin light blue top - ANSWER-sodium citrate` phlebotomy - ANSWER-Collection of patient samples by venipuncture or capillary (fingerstick/heelstick) method EDTA - ANSWER-Used for CBC, differential, and platelet count Used for blood bank, e.g., crossmatches, blood typing sodium citrate - ANSWER-Used for coagulation studies, e.g., PT (prothrombin time) and aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) heparin - ANSWER-Used to assay for ammonia Used for chemistry assays: glucose, enzymes, hormones, etc. gray - ANSWER-collection tube color sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate Potassium oxalate chelates calcium Sodium fluoride inhibits glycolysis Used to assay for glucose red - ANSWER-collection tube color;no anticoagulant, no additive red/black - ANSWER-collection tube color; marbled - gel and clot activator green/black - ANSWER-collection tube color;marbled - salt of heparin and gel coronary artery disease - ANSWER-Plaque may build-up in a coronary artery at the site of a tear in the lining of the vessel. total/HDL cholesterol - ANSWER-test for coronary artery disease leukocyte - ANSWER-white blood cell erythrocyte - ANSWER-red blood cell anisocytosis - ANSWER-different sizes of red blood cells poikilocytosis - ANSWER-different shapes of red blood cells hematocrit - ANSWER-Measure of volume of red blood cells packed by centrifugation in a given blood volume high hematocrit - ANSWER-Dehydration Burns Diarrhea Eclampsia Erythrocytosis Polycythemia vera Shock these may indicate a anemia - ANSWER-low rbc count leukopenia - ANSWER-low wbc count leukocytosis - ANSWER-high wbc count coagulation - ANSWER-Think PT, aPTT, monitoring drug dosages such as coumadin microbiology - ANSWER-Sources of infection - virology, parasitology, mycology, bacteriology Multiple specimen types urinalysis - ANSWER-Specimen is urine only Dipstick, biochemical confirmatory tests, and microscopic examination Often instrumentation used in hospital labs quality control - ANSWER-Process of monitoring accuracy and precision of laboratory test with control samples. quality assessment - ANSWER-Coordinate process of providing best possible service to patient and physician/clinician. pre-analytical variable - ANSWER-From test ordering to sample analysis Transcription error Receive test order Patient identification/preparation Specimen collection and transport Specimen separation and aliquoting Turnaround time Laboratory logs Test utilization analytical variables - ANSWER-Instrument/procedure dependent Selection, evaluation, implementation, maintenance, and control of analytical methods Water quality, calibration, temperature, storage of reagents Procedure manuals Competency of personnel Statistical control post analytical values - ANSWER-Approving test results Reporting results Incorrect patient identification Illegible report/transcription error Delayed reporting Clinical interpretation Interfering substances Specificity of test cognitive - ANSWER-Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation affective - ANSWER-Receiving, responding, valuing, organization psychomotor - ANSWER-Performance, guided response, adaptation criterion-referenced testing - ANSWER-MEDT Courses ASCP BOC Certification Exam Medical Board Exam National Board Dental Exam norm-referenced testing - ANSWER-MCAT GRE SAT erythrocytosis - ANSWER-a high hematocrit may indicate statistical - ANSWER-analysis of control material of known concentration; mean, standard deviation, coefficient variation nonstatistical - ANSWER-analysis that checks procedures; linearity checks, reagent and standard checks, temperature monitoring, calibration of instruments 1848 - ANSWER-Hermann von Fehling first quantitative urine sugar test 1850 - ANSWER-University of Michigan Department of Pathology established 1896 - ANSWER-The Johns Hopkins Hospital opened first clinical laboratory 1901 - ANSWER-ABO blood group system discovered; Rhesus group (Rh) in 1937 1923 - ANSWER-University of Minnesota - school to train laboratory workers 12th century - ANSWER-first medical school in italy 1849 elizabeth blackwell - ANSWER-first women medical degree in and who