MLT Clinical Chemistry Final Questions and Answers scored A

MLT Clinical Chemistry Final Questions and Answers scored A Absolute binding - ANS- Enzymes that can bind only one substrate and catalyze one reaction exhibit which type of binding specificity? Double - ANS- The rate of an enzymatic reaction will ___________________ for every 10 degrees C temperature increase until the enzyme denatures. c. Myocardial infarction - ANS- All of the following conditions may result in a rise in CKBB levels except. a. Child birth b Spinal chord injury c. Myocardial infarction d. Brain tumor AST & ALT - ANS- Which two enzymes will show significant elevations with viral hepatitis? recovering alcoholics - ANS- GGT is an enzyme that can be used to help monitor the treatment of which patient population? Zymogens - ANS- Digestive enzymes circulate in inactive forms called __________________. Unchanged lipase, decreased amylase - ANS- A patient comes to the ER with abdominal pain, the physician ordered an amylase, lipase, and lipid panel. The triglyceride result is significantly elevated, how might this effect the amylase and lipid levels? (thrown out) a. prevents RBC lysis - ANS- Which of the following is a function of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) a. prevents RBC lysis b. inhibits CK c. stimulates insulin secretion d. catalyzes the conversion of glutamate zero order - ANS- Which type of enzyme kinetics assay is ideal fro the clinical laboratory setting where the amount of enzyme produced by the patient is unknown? macroamylasemia - ANS- What condition is characterized by elevated serum amylase levels and decrease urinary amylase levels due to amylase binding to immunoglobulins? substrate - ANS- In the presence of a competitive inhibitor, what would need to be increased to reach VMax? Falsely increased - ANS- A grossly hemolyzed sample is received in the lab, what effect would this have on the total CK determination? ALP - ANS- A patient with osteitis deformans would be expected to have elevations in which enzyme? ACP - ANS- Which enzyme may be useful in diagnosing metastatic carcinomas of the prostate? Lipase - ANS- Which enzyme is most specific for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis? LD - ANS- Elevation in this enzyme can be useful in diagnosing patients with hemolytic anemia? c. sucrose - ANS- Which of the following is not a reducing substance? a. lactose b. glucose c. sucrose d. fructose Gluconeogenesis - ANS- What process converts non-sugar molecules into glucose to be used for energy? decreased urination - ANS- All of the following are symptoms of hyperglycemia except. a. excessive thirst b. dry skin c. drowsiness d. decreased urination insulin - ANS- Which hormone is referred to as a hypoglycemic and increases glycolysis and glycogenesis? ketones - ANS- When a patient with diabetes mellitus begins to use lipids for energy, which of the following analytes will be elevated? a. HDL b. lactose c. ketones d. growth factor 2:1 - ANS- Carbohydrate are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, what is the ratio of hydrogen to carbon? liver - ANS- What is the primary site for glycogenesis? a. Type 1 - ANS- The production of autoantibodies against the insulin producing cells in the pancreas is seen with what form of diabetes? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 45 years old - ANS- At what age does the ADA recommend beginning screening for diabetes every three years? Von Gierke's Disease - ANS- What disease, where patients cannot convert glycogen to glucose, is caused by a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase? increased glucagon production - ANS- Which of the following is a cause of hypoglycemia? a. increased glucagon production b. decreased activity level c. increased food intake d. decreased insulin production Hexose monophosphate shunt - ANS- Which pathway allows for pentose sugars, like ribose, to enter the glycolytic process? growth hormone - ANS- High levels of glucose can inhibit this hormone and lead to delayed growth and development in children. Type 2 - ANS- Which form of diabetes mellitus is caused by a decreased cellular response to insulin? hemoglobin SA1C of 8% - ANS- Which of the following is considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus? a. random plasma glucose of 100mg/dL b. 2hr tolerance test of less than 50mg/dL c. fasting plasma glucose of 100mg/dL d. hemoglobin SA1C of 8% glycogenesis - ANS- Which process converts glycogen back into glucose? low birth rate - ANS- Babies born to mothers with uncontrolled gestational diabetes may be at risk for all of the following except. a. low birth rate b. hypocalcemia c. hyperbiliruinemia d. respiratory distress glucagon - ANS- Which hormone works to increase blood sugar levels by increasing glycogenolysis and the amount of monosaccharides in circulation? decreased - ANS- In a patient with bacterial meningitis, the glucose levels would be ________________________. a. normal b. increased c. decreased urea - ANS- Which non-protein nitrogen is found in the highest concentration in the blood? creatinine - ANS- The concentration of this analyte is inversely proportional to the rate of clearance by the kidneys? congestive heart failure - ANS- Which of the following is a pre-renal cause of elevated urea levels? a. UTI b. congestive heart failure c. decreased protein diet d. tubular necrosis nucleic acids - ANS- Non-protein nitrogen compounds are waste products from the catabolism of proteins and _________________________.