NAPLEX Diabetes Questions with 100% Correct Answers

NAPLEX Diabetes Questions with 100% Correct Answers what is the responsibility of insulin in the body? moving glucose into cells to be used as energy what is the function of glucagon? when BG is low it will transform glycogen back into glucose and release it into the body. if glycogen is depleted then it will signal fat cells to make adipose as an alternative energy source how can metformin be used in prediabetes? it can be useful for patients with a BMI 35 who are 60y. it can also be helpful in women with a hx of gestational diabetes which diabetes treatment is preferred in pregnancy? insulin is preferred. metformin and glyburide are sometimes used what are the classic sx of diabetes? polyuria (excessive urination), polyphagia (increased hunger/appetite), polydipsia (excessive thirst) what does a1c indicate? BG over the past 3 months when is fasting plasma glucose taken and what does it tell you? taken after fasting for 8 hours. tells you the BG at that moment what does the OGTT tell you? tells you how well glucose is tolerated. measures the BG 2 hours after drinking something high in glucose what is the a1c level for prediabetes? for diabetes? -prediabetes: 5.7-6.4 -diabetes: 6.5+ what is the a1c goal in non-pregnant pts? -7% for most pts -a more stringent goal of 6.5% for pts who can tolerate it without hypoglycemia -a less stringent goal of 8% for pts who experience hypoglycemia or in older pts) how often should a1c be monitored? every 3 months if not at goal. every 6 months if at goal what is an a1c of 6% equivalent to in eAG? ~126 mg/dL. each additional 1% increase in a1c increases the eAG by ~28 mg/dL