BIOS 255 Exam 2 Questions With 100% Correct Answers

BIOS 255 Exam 2 Questions With 100% Correct Answers Valves ensure______ - answerOne-way flow of blood through the heart Right AV valve has____ - answerthree cusps (TRIcuspid valve) Left AV valve has____ - answertwo cusps (BIcuspid) Left AV valve also called - answerbiscupid valve or mitral valve Right AV valve also called - answerTricuspid valve Cardiac Output (CO) - answerThe amount of blood ejected by each ventricle in 1 minute Exercise makes the heart____ - answerwork harder which increases cardiac output At the beginning of exercise______in the muscles & joints send signals to the cardiac centers - answerproprioceptors Sympathetic output from the cardiac centers then _____ cardiac output - answerincreases As exercise progresses, muscular activity ______ venous return - answerincreases The preload increases on the right ventricle and then the left ventricle as more blood flows through the _______ - answerPulmonary circuit and reaches the left heart Sustained exercise causes - answerhypertrophy Blood vessels further from the heart - answerlowest BP Blood vessels closest to heart - answerhighest BP Tunica Interna (Tunica) - answerInnermost; consists of a layer of simple squamous epithelium called endothelium. Bound to a supendothelial layer of areolar connective tissue Tunica Media - answerMiddle; consists primarily of smooth muscle with a framework of elastic connective tissue and contains collagen. Thickest layer Tunica Externa (Adventitia) - answerOutermost; consists of areolar connective tissue with elastice and collagen fibers Capillaries only consist of______and______ - answerBasement membrane; endothelium layer Veins and venules are the only blood vessels that contain - answerValves to prevent back flow Tunica media will be thicker in arteries than veins because - answerThey will need to supply more pressure to the blood Smallest artery is an - answerArteriole Smallest vein is a - answerVenule Elastic arteries - answerTunica media composed of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue Largest of arteries Found closest to the heart Elastic needed to withstand blood being ejected from heart Muscular Arteries - answerTunica media composed of smooth muscle Second largest artery Found far from heart Smooth muscle needed for vasoconstriction and vasodilation Continuous Capillaries - answerCompletely encricle a lumen, surrounded by a complete basement membrane Found in skin and muscle Function of continuous capillaries - answerMove small nutrients and waves through simple diffusion such as gases Fenestrated capillaries - answerContain fenestrations (Windows) Found in small intestines and kidneys Function of fenestrated capillaries - answerThese allow more capillary exchange and slightly larger molecules to be absorbed into and filtered out of capillaries Sinusoidal Capillaries - answerEndothelial cells that do not completely encircle a lumen with the basement membrane being incomplete or absent