NR 602 VERIFIED EXAM WITH SOLUTIONS TO QUESTIONS

NR 602 VERIFIED EXAM WITH SOLUTIONS TO QUESTIONS What is a chalazion? - Benign, chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation of the eyelid What causes a chalazion? - Blockage of the meibomian gland What puts a person at risk for a chalazion? - Hordeolum or any condition which may impede flow through the meibomian gland. Mite species that reside in lash follicles. What are physical exam findings for a chalazion? - Painless Does NOT involve lashes Lid edema or palpable mass Red or grey mass on inner aspect of lid margin What is prevention for chalazion? - Good eye hygiene What is treatment for chalazion? - Warm, moist compresses 3x a day If secondarily infected: sulfacetamide or erythromycin What is the follow-up for chalazion? - In 2-4 weeks If still present after 6wks, follow up w/ophthalmologist What is blepharitis? - Inflammation/infection of the lid margins (chronic problem) What are the two types of blepharitis? - Seborrheic (non-ulcerative) Ulcerative What can cause seborrheic blepharitis? - Irritants (smoke, makeup, chemicals) What are s/s of seborrheic blepharitis? - Chronic inflammation of eyelid Erythema Greasy scaling of anterior eyelid Loss of eyelashes Seborrheic dermatitis of eyebrows/scalp What usually causes ulcerative blepharitis? - Infection w/staph or strep What are s/s of ulcerative blepharitis? - Itching Tearing Recurrent styes Chalazia Photophobia Small ulceration at eyelid margin Broken/absent eyelashes Most frequent complaint: ongoing eye irritation, conjunctiva redness What is the treatment for blepharitis? - Clean w/baby shampoo 2-4 times/day Warm compresses Lid massage (right after warm massage) How are infected eyelids with blepharitis treated? - Antistaph abx: bacitracin, erythromycin 0.05% x1 wk and quinolone ointments How is blepharitis infection resistant to topical abx treated? - Tetracycline 250mg PO x4 Doxy 100mg PO x2 What is conjunctivitis? - Inflammation or irritation of conjunctiva What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in peds? - Bacteria What are some common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis? - Contact lenses Rubbing eyes Trauma What are s/s of bacterial conjunctivitis? - Purulent (green/yellow) drainage, initially unilateral, then bilat Sensation of FB is common Redness Crust/mat