NUR 112 Final Exam practice questions with
100% Correct Answers.
An 18-year-old female client, 5′4′′ tall, weighing 113 kg, comes to the clinic
for a nonhealing wound on her lower leg, which she has had for two (2)
weeks. Which disease process should the nurse suspect the client has
developed?
1. Type 1 diabetes.
2. Type 2 diabetes.
3. Gestational diabetes.
4. Acanthosis nigricans. - Correct Answers 2
The client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has a glycosylated hemoglobin
(A1c) of 8.1%. Which interpretation should the nurse make based on this
result?
1. This result is below normal levels.
2. This result is within acceptable levels.
3. This result is above recommended levels.
4. This result is dangerously high. - Correct Answers 3
The nurse administered 28 units of Humulin N, an intermediate-acting
insulin, to a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at 1600. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
1. Ensure the client eats the bedtime snack.
2. Determine how much food the client ate at lunch.
3. Perform a glucometer reading at 0700.
4. Offer the client protein after administering insulin. - Correct Answers 1
The nurse is discussing the importance of exercising with a client
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes whose diabetes is well controlled with diet
and exercise. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching
about diabetes?
1. Eat a simple carbohydrate snack before exercising.
2. Carry peanut butter crackers when exercising.
3. Encourage the client to walk 20 minutes three (3) times a week.
4. Perform warmup and cool-down exercises. - Correct Answers 4
,The nurse is assessing the feet of a client with long-term type 2 diabetes.
Which assessment data warrant immediate intervention by the nurse?
1. The client has crumbling toenails.
2. The client has athlete's foot.
3. The client has a necrotic big toe.
4. The client has thickened toenails. - Correct Answers 3
The home health nurse is completing the admission assessment for a 76-
year-old client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes controlled with 70/30 insulin.
Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
1. Assess the client's ability to read small print.
2. Monitor the client's serum PT level.
3. Teach the client how to perform a hemoglobin A1c test daily.
4. Instruct the client to check the feet weekly. - Correct Answers 1
The client with type 2 diabetes controlled with biguanide oral diabetic
medication is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan with
contrast of the abdomen to evaluate pancreatic function. Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
1. Provide a high-fat diet 24 hours prior to test.
2. Hold the biguanide medication for 48 hours prior to test.
3. Obtain an informed consent form for the test.
4. Administer pancreatic enzymes prior to the test. - Correct Answers 2
The diabetic educator is teaching a class on diabetes type 1 and is
discussing sick-day rules. Which interventions should the diabetes
educator include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
1. Take diabetic medication even if unable to eat the client's normal
diabetic diet.
2. If unable to eat, drink liquids equal to the client's normal caloric intake.
3. It is not necessary to notify the health-care provider if ketones are in the
urine.
4. Test blood glucose levels and test urine ketones once a day and keep a
record.
5. Call the health-care provider if glucose levels are higher than 180 mg/dL.
- Correct Answers 1, 2, 5
The client received 10 units of Humulin R, a fast-acting insulin, at 0700. At
1030 the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse the client has
,a headache and is really acting "funny." Which intervention should the
nurse implement first?
1. Instruct the UAP to obtain the blood glucose level.
2. Have the client drink eight (8) ounces of orange juice.
3. Go to the client's room and assess the client for hypoglycemia.
4. Prepare to administer one (1) ampule 50% dextrose intravenously. -
Correct Answers 3
The nurse at a freestanding health care clinic is caring for a 56-year-old
male client who is homeless and is a type 2 diabetic controlled with insulin.
Which action is an example of client advocacy?
1. Ask the client if he has somewhere he can go and live.
2. Arrange for someone to give him insulin at a local homeless shelter.
3. Notify Adult Protective Services about the client's situation.
4. Ask the HCP to take the client off insulin because he is homeless. -
Correct Answers 2
The nurse is developing a care plan for the client diagnosed with type 1
diabetes. The nurse identifies the problem "high risk for hyperglycemia
related to noncompliance with the medication regimen." Which statement is
an appropriate short-term goal for the client?
1. The client will have a blood glucose level between 90 and 140 mg/dL.
2. The client will demonstrate appropriate insulin injection technique.
3. The nurse will monitor the client's blood glucose levels four (4) times a
day.
4. The client will maintain normal kidney function with 30-mL/hr urine
output. - Correct Answers 1
The client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is admitted to the intensive care
unit with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS) coma.
Which assessment data should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
1. Kussmaul's respirations.
2. Diarrhea and epigastric pain.
3. Dry mucous membranes.
4. Ketone breath odor. - Correct Answers 3
The elderly client is admitted to the intensive care department diagnosed
with severe HHNS. Which collaborative intervention should the nurse
include in the plan of care?
1. Infuse 0.9% normal saline intravenously.
, 2. Administer intermediate-acting insulin.
3. Perform blood glucometer checks daily.
4. Monitor arterial blood gas results. - Correct Answers 1
Which electrolyte replacement should the nurse anticipate being ordered by
the health-care provider in the client diagnosed with DKA who has just
been admitted to the ICU?
1. Glucose.
2. Potassium.
3. Calcium.
4. Sodium. - Correct Answers 2
The client diagnosed with HHNS was admitted yesterday with a blood
glucose level of 780 mg/dL. The client's blood glucose level is now 300
mg/dL. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
1. Increase the regular insulin IV drip.
1. Check the client's urine for ketones.
3. Provide the client with a therapeutic diabetic meal.
4. Notify the HCP to obtain an order to decrease insulin. - Correct
Answers 4
The client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes is found lying unconscious on the
floor of the bathroom. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
1. Administer 50% dextrose IVP.
2. Notify the health-care provider.
3. Move the client to the ICU.
4. Check the serum glucose level. - Correct Answers 1
Which assessment data indicate the client diagnosed with diabetic
ketoacidosis is responding to the medical treatment?
1. The client has tented skin turgor and dry mucous membranes.
2. The client is alert and oriented to date, time, and place.
3. The client's ABG results are pH 7.29, PaCO2 44, HCO3 15.
4. The client's serum potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. - Correct Answers 2
The UAP on the medical floor tells the nurse the client diagnosed with DKA
wants something else to eat for lunch. Which intervention should the nurse
implement?
1. Instruct the UAP to get the client additional food.
2. Notify the dietitian about the client's request.
100% Correct Answers.
An 18-year-old female client, 5′4′′ tall, weighing 113 kg, comes to the clinic
for a nonhealing wound on her lower leg, which she has had for two (2)
weeks. Which disease process should the nurse suspect the client has
developed?
1. Type 1 diabetes.
2. Type 2 diabetes.
3. Gestational diabetes.
4. Acanthosis nigricans. - Correct Answers 2
The client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has a glycosylated hemoglobin
(A1c) of 8.1%. Which interpretation should the nurse make based on this
result?
1. This result is below normal levels.
2. This result is within acceptable levels.
3. This result is above recommended levels.
4. This result is dangerously high. - Correct Answers 3
The nurse administered 28 units of Humulin N, an intermediate-acting
insulin, to a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at 1600. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
1. Ensure the client eats the bedtime snack.
2. Determine how much food the client ate at lunch.
3. Perform a glucometer reading at 0700.
4. Offer the client protein after administering insulin. - Correct Answers 1
The nurse is discussing the importance of exercising with a client
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes whose diabetes is well controlled with diet
and exercise. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching
about diabetes?
1. Eat a simple carbohydrate snack before exercising.
2. Carry peanut butter crackers when exercising.
3. Encourage the client to walk 20 minutes three (3) times a week.
4. Perform warmup and cool-down exercises. - Correct Answers 4
,The nurse is assessing the feet of a client with long-term type 2 diabetes.
Which assessment data warrant immediate intervention by the nurse?
1. The client has crumbling toenails.
2. The client has athlete's foot.
3. The client has a necrotic big toe.
4. The client has thickened toenails. - Correct Answers 3
The home health nurse is completing the admission assessment for a 76-
year-old client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes controlled with 70/30 insulin.
Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
1. Assess the client's ability to read small print.
2. Monitor the client's serum PT level.
3. Teach the client how to perform a hemoglobin A1c test daily.
4. Instruct the client to check the feet weekly. - Correct Answers 1
The client with type 2 diabetes controlled with biguanide oral diabetic
medication is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan with
contrast of the abdomen to evaluate pancreatic function. Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
1. Provide a high-fat diet 24 hours prior to test.
2. Hold the biguanide medication for 48 hours prior to test.
3. Obtain an informed consent form for the test.
4. Administer pancreatic enzymes prior to the test. - Correct Answers 2
The diabetic educator is teaching a class on diabetes type 1 and is
discussing sick-day rules. Which interventions should the diabetes
educator include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
1. Take diabetic medication even if unable to eat the client's normal
diabetic diet.
2. If unable to eat, drink liquids equal to the client's normal caloric intake.
3. It is not necessary to notify the health-care provider if ketones are in the
urine.
4. Test blood glucose levels and test urine ketones once a day and keep a
record.
5. Call the health-care provider if glucose levels are higher than 180 mg/dL.
- Correct Answers 1, 2, 5
The client received 10 units of Humulin R, a fast-acting insulin, at 0700. At
1030 the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse the client has
,a headache and is really acting "funny." Which intervention should the
nurse implement first?
1. Instruct the UAP to obtain the blood glucose level.
2. Have the client drink eight (8) ounces of orange juice.
3. Go to the client's room and assess the client for hypoglycemia.
4. Prepare to administer one (1) ampule 50% dextrose intravenously. -
Correct Answers 3
The nurse at a freestanding health care clinic is caring for a 56-year-old
male client who is homeless and is a type 2 diabetic controlled with insulin.
Which action is an example of client advocacy?
1. Ask the client if he has somewhere he can go and live.
2. Arrange for someone to give him insulin at a local homeless shelter.
3. Notify Adult Protective Services about the client's situation.
4. Ask the HCP to take the client off insulin because he is homeless. -
Correct Answers 2
The nurse is developing a care plan for the client diagnosed with type 1
diabetes. The nurse identifies the problem "high risk for hyperglycemia
related to noncompliance with the medication regimen." Which statement is
an appropriate short-term goal for the client?
1. The client will have a blood glucose level between 90 and 140 mg/dL.
2. The client will demonstrate appropriate insulin injection technique.
3. The nurse will monitor the client's blood glucose levels four (4) times a
day.
4. The client will maintain normal kidney function with 30-mL/hr urine
output. - Correct Answers 1
The client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is admitted to the intensive care
unit with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS) coma.
Which assessment data should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
1. Kussmaul's respirations.
2. Diarrhea and epigastric pain.
3. Dry mucous membranes.
4. Ketone breath odor. - Correct Answers 3
The elderly client is admitted to the intensive care department diagnosed
with severe HHNS. Which collaborative intervention should the nurse
include in the plan of care?
1. Infuse 0.9% normal saline intravenously.
, 2. Administer intermediate-acting insulin.
3. Perform blood glucometer checks daily.
4. Monitor arterial blood gas results. - Correct Answers 1
Which electrolyte replacement should the nurse anticipate being ordered by
the health-care provider in the client diagnosed with DKA who has just
been admitted to the ICU?
1. Glucose.
2. Potassium.
3. Calcium.
4. Sodium. - Correct Answers 2
The client diagnosed with HHNS was admitted yesterday with a blood
glucose level of 780 mg/dL. The client's blood glucose level is now 300
mg/dL. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
1. Increase the regular insulin IV drip.
1. Check the client's urine for ketones.
3. Provide the client with a therapeutic diabetic meal.
4. Notify the HCP to obtain an order to decrease insulin. - Correct
Answers 4
The client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes is found lying unconscious on the
floor of the bathroom. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
1. Administer 50% dextrose IVP.
2. Notify the health-care provider.
3. Move the client to the ICU.
4. Check the serum glucose level. - Correct Answers 1
Which assessment data indicate the client diagnosed with diabetic
ketoacidosis is responding to the medical treatment?
1. The client has tented skin turgor and dry mucous membranes.
2. The client is alert and oriented to date, time, and place.
3. The client's ABG results are pH 7.29, PaCO2 44, HCO3 15.
4. The client's serum potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. - Correct Answers 2
The UAP on the medical floor tells the nurse the client diagnosed with DKA
wants something else to eat for lunch. Which intervention should the nurse
implement?
1. Instruct the UAP to get the client additional food.
2. Notify the dietitian about the client's request.
