Microbiology Written Exam With Complete Solutions.

Microbiology Written Exam With Complete Solutions. What is the concept of spontaneous generation? - CORRECT ANSWER living organisms could develop from nonliving or decomposing matter Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showing that maggots on decaying meat came from flies, not from the meat itself? - CORRECT ANSWER Francesco Redi Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed could still develop microorganisms, which supported the theory of spontaneous generation? - CORRECT ANSWER John Needham Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of microorganisms? - CORRECT ANSWER Lazzaro Spallanzani Who proposed that air carried germs? - CORRECT ANSWER Spallanzani Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? - CORRECT ANSWER Louis Pasteur Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidence for the existence of heat- resistant forms of bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWER John Tyndall Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus? - CORRECT ANSWER Agostino Bassi Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a water mold? - CORRECT ANSWER M. J. Berkely Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? - CORRECT ANSWER Louis Pasteur Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds? - CORRECT ANSWER John Lister Who transformed the practice of surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER John Lister Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and anthrax? - CORRECT ANSWER Robert Koch What are the Koch Postulates? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.The microorganisms must be present in every case of the disease but absent from healthy individuals 2.The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in pure culture 3. The same disease must result when the isolated microorganism is inoculated into a healthy host 4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the diseased host Limitations of Koch's Postulates - CORRECT ANSWER -Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture -Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical -Molecular and genetic evidence may replace What vaccination did Edward Jenner make? - CORRECT ANSWER smallpox vaccination What vaccinations did Pasteur produce? - CORRECT ANSWER chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits - CORRECT ANSWER Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus? - CORRECT ANSWER Bassi Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold? - CORRECT ANSWER M.J. Berkeley Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? - CORRECT ANSWER Louis Pasteur A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER prokaryotes What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-enclosed nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER Eucaryotes What let to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents? - CORRECT ANSWER bacterial filter that removed bacteria and larger microbes (Charles Chamberland) The five kingdom classification scheme is - CORRECT ANSWER the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, and Plantae What are ribozymes? - CORRECT ANSWER RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform cellular work and replication The three domain scheme is - CORRECT ANSWER Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya The three domain scheme is based on? - CORRECT ANSWER a comparaison of ribosomal RNA The earliest cells may have been - CORRECT ANSWER RNA surrounded by liposomes What are the three bacterial morphology? - CORRECT ANSWER -bacillus (little rod) -coccus (grain or berry) -spirillum (coiled or helical) What are the types of light microscopes? - CORRECT ANSWER -bright-field microscope -dark-field microscope -phase-contrast microscope