Straighterline Microbiology 250
final Exam 2024 Questions and
Answers
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into
groups such as Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and
Apicomplexa?
A. Helminths
B. Algae
C. Protozoa
D. Fungi - Answer>> Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and
directly integrated into another via
A. conjugation.
B. transformation.
C. transduction.
D. transposons. - Answer>> transposons.
Which immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to
coordinate the response of other immune cells?
A. B cell
B. TH cell
,C. TC cell
D. Platelets - Answer>> TH cell
Which of the following enzymes are used to amplify DNA during
PCR?
A. restriction endonuclease
B. DNA polymerase
C. reverse transcriptase
D. DNA ligase - Answer>> DNA polymerase
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves
removal of nitrogen from the atmosphere by bacteria? -
Answer>> nitrogen fixation, In nitrogen fixation, nitrogen is
removed from the atmosphere by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and
converted to ammonia.
If enough h+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+
concentration of the solution to ten times higher than the original
concentration, what is the resulting OH- concentration of the
solution? - Answer>> 10 -8M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores
and sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate
explanation for why it is advantageous that they are also capable
of sexual reproduction?
Select one:
a. Asexually produced offspring are more likely to compete for
resources and will kill off the parental fungi.
,b. Fungi normally produce sexually but produce asexually in
harsh conditions such as severe drought.
c. Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and
function that contribute to survival of the species.
d. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring at a faster rate
than spore formation. - Answer>> Offspring from two parents
may have variations in form and function that contribute to
survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a
virus, plaques are areas in which
Select one:
a. bacterial cells are resistant to the virus and have not been
infected.
b. there is no nutrient available for the bacteria to grow.
c. the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
d. the virus has not yet spread to that area of cells. - Answer>>
the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as
waves and are called
Select one:
a. ATP.
b. carotenoids.
c. NADP.
d. photons. - Answer>> photons.
Which of the following is a characteristic of aerobic respiration?
Select one:
a. Oxygen-containing ions act as the final electron acceptors in
electron transport.
b. The process includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the
electron transport chain.
, c. Aerobic respiration produces a total of 2 ATP molecules.
d. Aerobic respiration produces lactic acid. - Answer>> The
three stages of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle,
and the electron transport chain.
n completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic
message is carried by a specialized codon that has no
corresponding tRNA?
Select one:
a. "Fold peptide chain."
b. "Terminate here."
c. "Add cofactor."
d. "Clip starting amino acid." - Answer>> "Terminate here." The
specialized codon signals the end of protein synthesis; there is
not RNA because it is only needed if the process is to continue.
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by
introduction of new genes into a population. Which of the
following can only be caused by the introduction of new genes
into a population?
Select one:
a. a metabolic pathway in the bacterium is shut down
b. binding sites for the drug are reduced in number or affinity to
the drug
c. new enzymes that inactivate the drug are synthesized
d. uptake of the drug into the bacterium is diminished -
Answer>> new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized. This can only occur if new genes are introduced into
the population.
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels
for host defense than other areas of the human body?
Select one:
a. They have a high risk for infection due to frequent contact.
final Exam 2024 Questions and
Answers
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into
groups such as Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and
Apicomplexa?
A. Helminths
B. Algae
C. Protozoa
D. Fungi - Answer>> Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and
directly integrated into another via
A. conjugation.
B. transformation.
C. transduction.
D. transposons. - Answer>> transposons.
Which immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to
coordinate the response of other immune cells?
A. B cell
B. TH cell
,C. TC cell
D. Platelets - Answer>> TH cell
Which of the following enzymes are used to amplify DNA during
PCR?
A. restriction endonuclease
B. DNA polymerase
C. reverse transcriptase
D. DNA ligase - Answer>> DNA polymerase
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves
removal of nitrogen from the atmosphere by bacteria? -
Answer>> nitrogen fixation, In nitrogen fixation, nitrogen is
removed from the atmosphere by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and
converted to ammonia.
If enough h+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+
concentration of the solution to ten times higher than the original
concentration, what is the resulting OH- concentration of the
solution? - Answer>> 10 -8M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores
and sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate
explanation for why it is advantageous that they are also capable
of sexual reproduction?
Select one:
a. Asexually produced offspring are more likely to compete for
resources and will kill off the parental fungi.
,b. Fungi normally produce sexually but produce asexually in
harsh conditions such as severe drought.
c. Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and
function that contribute to survival of the species.
d. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring at a faster rate
than spore formation. - Answer>> Offspring from two parents
may have variations in form and function that contribute to
survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a
virus, plaques are areas in which
Select one:
a. bacterial cells are resistant to the virus and have not been
infected.
b. there is no nutrient available for the bacteria to grow.
c. the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
d. the virus has not yet spread to that area of cells. - Answer>>
the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as
waves and are called
Select one:
a. ATP.
b. carotenoids.
c. NADP.
d. photons. - Answer>> photons.
Which of the following is a characteristic of aerobic respiration?
Select one:
a. Oxygen-containing ions act as the final electron acceptors in
electron transport.
b. The process includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the
electron transport chain.
, c. Aerobic respiration produces a total of 2 ATP molecules.
d. Aerobic respiration produces lactic acid. - Answer>> The
three stages of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle,
and the electron transport chain.
n completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic
message is carried by a specialized codon that has no
corresponding tRNA?
Select one:
a. "Fold peptide chain."
b. "Terminate here."
c. "Add cofactor."
d. "Clip starting amino acid." - Answer>> "Terminate here." The
specialized codon signals the end of protein synthesis; there is
not RNA because it is only needed if the process is to continue.
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by
introduction of new genes into a population. Which of the
following can only be caused by the introduction of new genes
into a population?
Select one:
a. a metabolic pathway in the bacterium is shut down
b. binding sites for the drug are reduced in number or affinity to
the drug
c. new enzymes that inactivate the drug are synthesized
d. uptake of the drug into the bacterium is diminished -
Answer>> new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized. This can only occur if new genes are introduced into
the population.
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels
for host defense than other areas of the human body?
Select one:
a. They have a high risk for infection due to frequent contact.
