CALT Exam Study Set with Researchers.docx

Dr. Samuel T. Orton - correct answer a neuropathologist coined the term "strephosymbolia" which replaced congenital word blindness treatment must be highly structured education Anna Gillingham - correct answer Educational psychologist A diagnostician who worked with Dr. Orton. Together they developed procedures for remediation or reading, spelling, and writing. Mary Ann Wolf - correct answer Double-deficit hypothesis-deficiency in both phoneme awareness and naming speed Arthur Benton - correct answer He believed that written language is a "cultural product and not a biological characteristic." Dr. Sally and Bennett Shawitz - correct answer Used MRI to identify the parts of the brain used in reading (by blood flow) Kenneth Goodman - correct answer *Introduced whole language in U.S. schools *author of "What's Whole About Whole Language" *He was not a GOODman because whole language was not good for our schools. Paula Tallal - correct answer Developed a program to increase processing speed called Fast forWord Plasticity of the brain Louisa Moats - correct answer Site director of NICHD Early Interventions Project in Washington, D.C. Notable Writings: LETRS, Teaching IS Rocket Science Brought phonics to CA Aylett Cox - correct answer Developed Alphabetic Phonics curriculum with Dr. Lucius Waites and staff of Texas Scottish Rite Hospital Reid Lyon - correct answer Neuropsychologist in charge of NIH research Confirmed importance of phonological awareness Dr. Macdonald Critchley - correct answer National Federation of Neurology Established the term "developmental dyslexia" Dr. Barbara Bateman - correct answer Study that discovered a person without learning difficulties requires 5-15 repetitions for retention; those with learning difficulties may require 500-1500. LOTS OF REPITION University of Oregon Dr. Norman Geschwind - correct answer Linked male left-handness and autoimmune disease to dyslexia Adolph Kussmaul - correct answer Coined word "word blindness" to an isolated condition affecting the ability to recognize and read text Bruce Pennington - correct answer Twin study in Boulder, Colorado and found that dyslexia is both familial and heritable. Linked dyslexia to 6th and 15th chromosome James Hinshelwood - correct answer "Congenital word blindness" Ophthalmologist from Scotland Thought left hemisphere was affected in reading difficulties Dr. Albert Galaburda - correct answer Neuroanatomical anomalies in brains with developmental dyslexia Confirmed dyslexia is an organic disorder Confirmed in dyslexic brain that both sides of brain are equal Abnormal migration of neural cells Isabella Liberman - correct answer Studying phonological processing deficits affecting the ability to make use of letter-sound associations as an effect of rapid retrieval problems Marilyn Jager Adams - correct answer Known for work in phonological awareness author of many children's books Dr. Johann Schmidtt - correct answer Earliest recorded case of word blindness describing a 65 yr. old man who lost ability to read following a stroke - a condition termed acquired alexia Rudolph Berlin - correct answer German physician First person to use word "dyslexia" to describe loss of ability to read due to brain injury Dr. W. Pringle Morgan - correct answer England Captured the basic elements underlying what we refer to today as developmental dyslexia Wrote about congenital word blindness to describe school children unable to learn to read but were otherwise bright and of average intelligence Bessie Stillman - correct answer Colleague of Gillingham who worked with Orton to develop teaching approach. They together wrote the Gillingham manuals. Jeanne Chall - correct answer Stages of Reading. "The Great Debate" 1967 on phonics vs. whole word. Three Layers of the English Language - correct answer Anglo-Saxon, Latin, and Greek Percentage of English Language that is Anglo-Saxon - correct answer 20-25% Percentage of the English Language that is Latin - correct answer 60% Percentage of the English Language that is Greek - correct answer 10-12% Characteristics of Anglo-Saxon words - correct answer Short, common, every day, down to earth; many have non-phonetic spellings (either one or two syllables). Anglo-saxon words may begin with... - correct answer wr, kn, gn, gh, ch Examples of Anglo-Saxon words - correct answer They relate to areas such as the human body, animals, farming, the weather, family relationships, colors, landscape features, and human activities such as cooking, eating, sewing, hunting and carpentry. Latin words are often - correct answer technical and sophisticated words Latin words often include this... - correct answer Schwa sounds are often found in these words Latin word examples: - correct answer Examples: audience, contradict, disruptive, retract, survival Greek words are often - correct answer specialized words for science Greek words often do what - correct answer combine forms Greek word examples - correct answer examples: atmosphere, chromosome, thermometer