NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Question and answers 100% correct 2024

NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Question and answers 100% correct 2024 NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Ovarian cancer site of metastasis? - correct answer Peritoneal surfaces, omentum (fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach with other abdominal organs), *liver* The increased NADH/NAD+ ratio in the liver from ethanol causes: - correct answer 1. Pyruvate --> lactic acid, causing lactic acidosis 2. Oxaloacetate --> malate. This prevents gluconeogenesis and leads to hypoglycemia 3. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate --> glycerol 3- phosphate and combines with fatty acids to form triglycerides in the liver, known as hepatosteatosis 4. Decreases citric acid cycle production of NADH and leads to using Acetyl-CoA for ketogenesis and lipogenesis What can Reactive Oxygen Species cause? - correct answer Heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), CV disease, HTN, HLD, DM, ischemic heart disease, HF, OSA. Lipid perioxidation, damage proteins, fragment DNA, less *protein synthesis*, chromatin destruction, damage mitochondria What is the body's defense against ROS? - correct answer Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine, glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin) How are free radicals produced? - correct answer 1. Normal cellular respiration 2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation, UV light) 3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and pesticides 4. Transition of metals 5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and a free radical action potential - correct answer Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then repolarizes