Rasmussen Dimensions in Nursing Exam 1 Concepts Questions And Answers.

Nursing as a profession - Use assessment skills and knowledge, have the ability to reason, and make routine judgements based on clients' condition. Registered Nurse - Educated at the level of associate, diploma, or baccalaureate level. Considered the cornerstone of health-care. Nurse Practioner - Provide direct client care in primary care setting, focus on health promotion, prevention of illness, early diagnosis, and treatment of common health problems. Clinical Nurse Specialist - Practice in secondary or tertiary care, focus on individuals experiencing acute illness or exacerbation of a chronic condition. Case Managers - Coordinate services for clients with high-risk or long-term health problems. ADN - Developed by Mildred Montague to provide quality nursing care equivalent to BSN in less time, 2 years. LPN - Learning of nursing skills and less on theoretical knowledge. Learn how to do something, not why. 9 to 12 months. Referent power - Establishing and maintaining a close relationship with someone. Nurses est. therapeutic relationship with client. Expert power - Amount of knowledge, skill, or expertise an individual or group has. Used or withheld to influence behavior of others. Nurses use to teach, counsel, motivate clients. Power of rewards - Ability of one person to grant another a reward for behavior or changes in behavior. (Behavior modification)Coercive Power - Ability to reprimand, withhold rewards, and threaten punishment. Not good for nursing. Legitimate Power - Legislative or legal act that gives the individual or organization a right to make decisions that they might not otherwise have authority to make. Nurses licensed by state under provisions of nurse practice act and appointed positions in health-care agency. Collective power - Large group of individuals who have similar beliefs, desires, or needs become organized. Professional Unity - A way to gain power in nursing. Join a group such as ANA. Political activity - A way to gain power in nursing by becoming politically active to help make decisions that affect nursing. Accountability and Professionalism - A way to gain power in nursing where high-quality care standards are established. Competency in nursing is demonstrated, peer reviews, and evaluations. Networking - A way nursing can gain power by establishing a nurse support network to help promote and develop the best nurses to the highest positions. National League for Nursing - Regulates the quality of nursing programs that prepare nurses for the practice of nursing. Licensing body for all nursing schools. American Nurses Association - Concerned with the quality of nursing practice in health-care. Nursing code of ethics. Improve healthcare and standards of nursing. Nursing - The protection, promotion, and optimization of clients' health and abilities, the prevention of disease and illness, and the alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response to injury.Ancient Greek medicine - Focused on appeasing the gods. Included abortion and infanticide. Hot baths at spas improved health and sick were cared for in clinics. Hippocrates Father of Medicine - Focused on harmony of natural law. Emphasized treating the whole client-mind, body, spirit, environment-making diagnosis based on symptoms rather than disease. Ethical standards of physicians. Roman empire - Had 600 medications derived from plants and herbs. Were able to distinguish conditions and performed surgeries. Physical therapy for athletes; diagnosed infections; identified job related dangers of lead, mercury, asbestos; published medical textbooks. Early nursing - Provided in home by a family member or in a roadside hospital. Major Christian influence. Learned by trial and error and watching others. Dark ages - Plagues and diseases rampant. Monasteries and convents centers for care. Religious rituals combined with home remedies. Cleanliness and hygiene discovered during this period. Nurses learned from nuns or monks. Crusades - Military nurses were men who wore armor suits with a Red Cross and cared for injured. Healthcare in the Renaissance - Inventions: microscope and thermometer. Restoration of health secondary to salvation of soul. Sisters of Charity - First to est. nursing hierarchy. Primary nurses-sisters; assistants-helpers and watchers. Recognized benefit of skilled nursing. First nursing textbook published. Industrial Revolution - Spread of disease and plague due to cramped condition in cities. Healthcare was supported by factory owners-led to community health nursing. Society of Protestant Sisters of Charity in London - Established by Elizabeth Fry in 1840. Provided training to nurses who cared for the sick and poor.Nursing in early America - High mortality rate. During Revolutionary War, wounded were cared for in homes, churches, or barns by untrained volunteers. Civil War nursing - Untrained women cared for injured soldiers. Navy Nurses, the American Red Cross, and the Army Nurse Corps date from this period. Developments: morphine, codeine, and quinine. World War I nursing - Primary duties during this time: carry out orders of physicians, cook, clean, and empty bed pans. Nurses became recognized for their skill in providing care and saving lives as many soldiers were injured. Nurse's aide training - Established by the Red Cross during World War I because of the large numbers of untrained women being recruited to work in hospitals. Great Depression nursing - Jobs went to more qualified nurses. Workday reduced from 12 to 8 hours. Hospitals became primary source of health care supported by hospital insurance programs. Bolton Act - Passed during the nursing shortage of World War II. Shortened hospital-based training programs from 36 to 30 months. Cadet Nurse Corps - Established minimum educational standards for nursing programs and forbade discrimination based on race, creed, or sex. World War II - Attracted more volunteer nurses than any other time because Navy and Army nurses had such a positive image of being brave and selfless. The Lamp - Nursing symbol introduced during Nightingale era. Sign of caring, comfort. Ideals and selfless devotion. Knowledge and learning. The Nursing Pin - The Maltese cross was the first. Attributed to Nightingale who first received the honor and bestowed it upon her nursing graduates. "Badge of Excellence".The Cap - A symbol of service to others. Once used as a sign of rank in nursing. Reminder of unchanging values of wisdom, faith, honesty, truth, and dedication.