ANSC 440 Exam 1 (Purdue Fall 2019) Questions and Complete Solutions.

ANSC 440 Exam 1 (Purdue Fall 2019) Questions and Complete Solutions What are the overall evolutionary trends of horses? - Correct Ans: number of toes decreased, increase in size of cheek teeth, lengthening of face, increase in body size What is the oldest species of horse still in existence & when was it discovered? - Correct Ans: przewalski's horse in 1879 When did domestication of the horse begin? - Correct Ans: between 4000 and 3000 BC on the steppes north of the Black Sea How were horses domesticated? - Correct Ans: controlling / harnessing; draft systems developed to allow horse work best; the yoke and yoke saddle were used, as well as early bits How were horses / mules used historically in the US? - Correct Ans: transportation, fire protection, agriculture, recreation, sports, shows, mining, old west How are horses used in the twentieth century? - Correct Ans: decline in draft horses and military horses; movies and entertainment What does it mean to breed true? - Correct Ans: offspring will almost always possess the same characteristics as the parents What are horse breeds categorized into and how? - Correct Ans: light, draft, pony according to size, weight, and build How tall and heavy are light horses? - Correct Ans: 12-17.2 hh, 900-1400 lbs What are light horses primarily used for? - Correct Ans: riding, driving, racing, showing, utility How do light horses compare to draft? - Correct Ans: more action + greater speed How tall and heavy are draft horses? - Correct Ans: 14.2-17.2 hh, 1400 lbs + What are draft horses primarily used for? - Correct Ans: heavy work or pulling loads How tall and heavy are ponies? - Correct Ans: 14.2 hh or less, 500-900 lbs Which type of horse is fine boned and suitable for riding? - Correct Ans: warmblood Which type of horse is heavy, solid, and strong with a calm temperament? - Correct Ans: coldblood (another way to describe draft horses) How many breeds exist worldwide? - Correct Ans: about 300 What differs between breeds? - Correct Ans: size, conformation, color, and function What are wild horses? - Correct Ans: horses that were once domesticated and have become wild (feral or mustangs) What are the draft horse breeds? - Correct Ans: clydesdale, belgian, percheron, shire, suffolk punch Which draft horse originated in Glasgow, Scotland? - Correct Ans: Clydesdale Which draft horse originated in the west European lowlands of Belgium? - Correct Ans: Belgian Which draft horse was the first draft breed to come to America? - Correct Ans: Percheron Which draft horse originated in the east central English counties of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire? - Correct Ans: Shire Which draft horse originated in the eastern English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk? - Correct Ans: Suffolk Punch Which draft horse was the only draft horse bred exclusively for farming? - Correct Ans: Suffolk Punch Which draft horse is most numerous? - Correct Ans: Belgian When did horse bones found associated with human sites increase, along with the age of the horses from which they came? What did this indicate? - Correct Ans: 55,000; Neandethals developed more sophisticated hunting methods