Quiz 6: Neuroscience

_______ are afferent structures that transmit information to the cell body. a. Nuclei b. Axons c. Dendrites d. Synapses - correct answer c. Dendrites The speed of nerve conduction depends on what structure found on a nerve cell? a. Dendrites b. Mitochondria c. Synapses d. Myelin - correct answer d. Myelin Match the nerve cell type with the associated characteristics. A. Multipolar cells B. Bipolar C. Unipolar 1. Are found in the retina and inner ear and have a single dendritic process and axonal process extending from the cell body. 2. Account for the majority of cells in the CNS and have many dendrites and only one axon. 3. T-shaped nerve cell that has a single process that extends away from the cell body. - correct answer 1. Are found in the retina and inner ear and have a single dendritic process and axonal process extending from the cell body. (A. Bipolar) 2. Account for the majority of cells in the CNS and have many dendrites and only one axon. (B. Multipolar Cells) 3. T-shaped nerve cell that has a single process that extends away from the cell body. (C. Unipolar) Unipolar nerve cells are characteristic of cells in _____ . a. the dorsal root ganglia b. the retina c. the inner ear d. the cerebellum - correct answer a. the dorsal root ganglia Multipolar cells have multiple axons radiating from the cell body. True False - correct answer False What is the purpose of myelinating axons? Choose all that apply. a. Support the structure and shape of the cell b. Provide nutrients such as glucose to the cell c. Protect the nerve fiber d. Insulate the nerve fiber e. Prevent axons of neighboring cells from touching each other f. Provide faster transmission of nerve signals - correct answer c. Protect the nerve fiber d. Insulate the nerve fiber f. Provide faster transmission of nerve signals What types of cells produce myelin sheaths in the PNS? Schwann cells Ependymal cells Oligodendrocytes Astrocytes - correct answer Schwann cells Unipolar nerve cells are characteristic of cells in _____ . a. the dorsal root ganglia b. the retina c. the inner ear d. the cerebellum - correct answer a. the dorsal root ganglia There are more glial cells in the brain than neurons. True False - correct answer True What type of neuroglial cells provide a supporting network in the brain and contribute to the blood-brain barrier? a. Astrocytes b. Microglia c. Schwann cells d. Oligodendrocytes - correct answer a. Astrocytes Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia cells that are found in the peripheral nervous system. True False - correct answer True Oligodendrocytes can myelinate _____ while Schwann cells can myelinate _____ . a. a. only one axon, b. many different axons b. a. many different axons, b. only one axon - correct answer b. a. many different axons, b. only one axon The difference in electrical charge between the inside of the cell and the extracellular environment is known as the cell's _____ . a. action potential b. concentration gradient c. threshold d. membrane potential - correct answer a. action potential _______ cells will migrate to a lesion site in order to engulf and digest cellular debris. a. Microglial cells b. Schwann cells c. Ependymal cells d. Oligodendrocytes - correct answer a. Microglial cells The electrical gradient of a cell at rest reflects net negativity inside the cell and net positivity outside the cell. True False - correct answer True What information about a neuron do you need to know to determine whether the neuron sends excitatory or inhibitory impulses to other nerve cells or organs? a. The type of myelin surrounding the neuron's axon b. The type of neurotransmitter secreted by that neuron c. The type of action potential that the neuron generates d. The number of axon terminals the neuron has - correct answer b. The type of neurotransmitter secreted by that neuron Excitatory connections _____ the postsynaptic cell while inhibitory connections _____ the cell. a. a. hyperpolarize, b. repolarize b. a. depolarize, b. hyperpolarize c. a. rep