Pathophysiology myocardial infarction with answers 2024

Pathophysiology myocardial infarctionWhat is myocardial infarction? What is its etiology? - correct answer Answer: The total occlusion of one or more coronary arteries resulting in ischemia and death of myocardial tissues. Most common cause is atherosclerosis. What is the pathophysiology of MI? What are its clinical manifestations? - correct answer Answer: Atherosclerotic accumulations obstruct artery, or break off, causing platelets to aggregate at the site of injury and form a thrombus that occludes the artery. Clinical manifestations include chest pain, or a crushing pressure, radiating to left arm, shoulder, or jaw. Dizziness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, cool moist skin, pallor, shortness of breath. What is heart failure? What is its etiology? - correct answer Answer: inadequacy of heart pumping so that the heart fails to maintain the circulation of blood. Etiology stems from impaired cardiac functioning or excessive workload demands that cannot be met by the heart. What is the pathophysiology of heart failure? What is the difference between right and left heart failure? - correct answer Answer: Left heart failure- ventricle is unable to effectively meet cardiovascular demands, forward movement of blood through the circulation is inhibited, and fluid accumulates in the lung tissues. Loss of contractile ability, systolic failure, occurs. Loss of relaxation ability, diastolic failure, occurs. Impairs the ability to optimally fill with blood between cardiac contractions. What is Right Heart failure? - correct answer impairs hearts ability to move deoxygenated blood forward to the pulmonary circulation. Results in congestion of blood backward into the systemic circulation. What are the clinical manifestations of right heart failure? - correct answer Answer: related to congestion in peripheral tissues from the ineffective right ventricle. what are the clinical manifestations of Left heart failure? - correct answer early clinical manifestations can be absent. When present, related to decreased cardiac output and pulmonary congestion from failing left ventricle, which leads to decreased cardiac output and pulmonary congestion from failing left ventricle.