PHC 4101 Final Exam Study Guide (100% Error-free)

Prevalence correct answers - Quantifies number of existing cases of disease in a population at a point or during a period of time - Rate = number of existing cases of disease/number in total population (at a point or during a period of time) Incidence correct answers - Quantifies number of new cases of disease that develop in a population at risk during a specified time period - Rate = new cases of disease OVER person-time of observation in candidate population - Three key concepts --New disease events: or for diseases that can occur more than once, usually first occurrence of disease --Population at risk: (candidate population) can't have the disease already, should have relevant organs, should not be immune ---Time must pass for a person to move from health to disease; incidence account for the specific amounts of time that people are followed until they get the disease Mortality correct answers Aka death; are often used as a measure of frequency for diseases that are usually fatal Morbidity correct answers sickness or any departure, subjective or objective, from a psychological or physiological state of well-being Comorbidity correct answers - When two disorders or illnesses occur in the same person, simultaneously or sequentially, they are described as comorbid. - Comorbidity also implies interactions between the illnesses that affect the course and prognosis of both. Iatrogenic illness correct answers condition that's caused by medical treatment or service (if you develop dependence because you were prescribed something and used it as directed by health professionals) Prion correct answers - Smaller than viruses - Strains of genetic material - Happens 15-20 years after ppl were exposed - Creutzfield-Jacob disease (CJD) - sporadic, in older people - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) - E.g. Mad Cow Disease in Britain - Regulations on animal feed, food distribution Southwark and Vauxhall Company correct answers - 1853: outbreak of cholera concentrated in Broad Street area of London, in which some houses were supplied by one water company and others another