UNE Biochemistry Final Review Questions with Answers, Graded A+

An 11-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her father. He reports she has recently been very thirsty and needing to make frequent trips to the bathroom. At her soccer game today, she complained of lightheadedness and that the symptoms did not resolve even after drinking a power beverage. A rapid dipstick test revealed glucose in her urine and further diagnostics are consistent with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Evaluation of this girl’s liver would reveal an increased rate of which of the following processes? Ketogenesis 3 multiple choice options A 5-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by her mother. She is a type 1 diabetic and has not taken her insulin while away at a day camp. The child is unresponsive. Which of the following enzymes is phosphorylated and active under these conditions? Hormone sensitive lipase 3 multiple choice options An individual is on a hunger strike and has not eaten in 13 days. Which of the following best describes their metabolic state? The brain will preferentially oxidizing ketones. 3 multiple choice options An individual goes to bed around 8 pm and doesn't wake up until 9 am the next morning. During this time, which of the following is the primary oxidizable substrate in the skeletal muscle? Free fatty acids 3 multiple choice options Which of the following is not a product of beta-oxidation? NADPH 3 multiple choice options During the fasted state, lipolysis is facilitated by the action of hormone sensitive lipase. This enzyme requires which of the following modifications for activation? Phosphorylation 3 multiple choice options Ketonuria, hyperglycemia and severe acidosis are prime diagnostic indicators of the presentation of type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following compounds are "ketone bodies" that would be elevated in serum and urine of a patient in this condition? D-3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate 3 multiple choice options In the fasted state, fatty acyl-CoAs are transported across the mitochondrial membrane. The transport of fatty acids via carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPTI) can be directly inhibited by which compound? Malonyl-CoA 3 multiple choice options Under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon 1), elevated glucagon will activate which of the following enzymes? hormone sensitive lipase 3 multiple choice options Fatty acid synthesis is a multimeric enzyme complex. Which of the following subunits contains pantothenic acid as a cofactor? Acyl carrier protein (ACP) 3 multiple choice options Under fasting conditions, acetyl CoA carboxylase will be inhibited by an increase in which of the following compounds? fatty acyl-CoA 3 multiple choice options In the case of deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes required for fatty acid metabolism will be impaired? Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 3 multiple choice options An individual consumes a large meal consisting of cheeseburger and fries. Which of the following intermediates is shuffles out of the TCA cycle to be used as a substrate for fatty acid synthesis? Citrate 3 multiple choice options Under conditions when glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl-CoA produced will allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the production of oxaloacetate? Pyruvate carboxylase 3 multiple choice options Which of the following is not required for the transport of newly synthesized fatty acids to the adipose? Carnitine to shuttle the fatty acids out of the mitochondria 3 multiple choice options HDL particles interact with VLDL particles to exchange cholesterol ester for triacyclglycerols. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for this process? Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) 3 multiple choice options Nascent chylomicrons interact with HDL particles within circulation. Which of the following Apo proteins are obtained from HDL during this interaction? ApoCII and ApoE 3 multiple choice options Which of the following best describes the role of HDL particles? HDL particles are required for the transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver 3 multiple choice options