NLN PAX: Mathematics Test: Algebra, Complete Solution

NLN PAX: Mathematics Test: Algebra, Complete Solution Numbers basic building blocks of mathematics. Integers set of whole positive and negative numbers, including zero. These do not include fractions, decimals, or mixed numbers. Prime Number whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors, itself and 1; a number that can be divided evenly by 1 itself. Composite Number whole number greater than 1 that has more than two different factors; any whole number that is not a prime number. Even Number any integer that can be divided by 2 without leaving a remainder. Odd Number any integer that cannot be divided evenly by 2. Decimal Number a number that uses a decimal point to show the part of the number that is less than one. Decimal Point symbol used to separate the ones place from the tenths place in decimals or dollars from cents in currency. Decimal Place position of a number to the right of the decimal point. Decimal or Base 10 System number system that uses ten different digits. Rational Number all integers, decimals, and fractions. Any terminating or repeating decimal number is a rational number. Irrational Number cannot be written as fractions or decimals because the number of decimal places is infinite and there is no recurring pattern of digits within the number. Real Numbers set of all rational and irrational numbers. Mathematical Operations addition, subtraction, multiplication, division Addition increases the value of one quantity by the value of another results in sum Subtraction opposite operation to addition; it decreases the value of one quantity by the value of another quantity results in difference. Multiplication repeated addition; one number tells how many times to add the other number to itself (order doesn't matter). Division opposite operation to multiplication; one number tells us how many parts to divide the other number into (order does matter) Exponent superscript number placed next to another number at the top right that indicates how many times the base number is to be multiplied by itself. Squared number with an exponent of 2 Power value of a number raised to an exponent Cubed number with an exponent of 3 Negative Exponent reciprocal of a positive exponent. Parentheses designate which operations should be done first when there are multiple operations. Order of Operations set of rules that dictates the order in which we must perform each operation in an expression so that we will evaluate it accurately. P operations inside the parentheses E simplify the exponents MD multiplication and division from left to right. AS addition and subtraction from left to right. Root another way of writing a fractional exponent; uses radical symbol to indicate the operation. Radical number underneath the bar, and sometimes have a number in the upper left. Square Root a number raised to the one-half power. Perfect Square number that has an integer for its square root. Scientific Notation way of writing large numbers in a shorter form. Absolute Value distance away from zero a number is on the number line. Signs are the same add the absolute values. Signs are different take absolute values of the addends and subtract the smaller value from the larger value, then apply the original sign of the larger value to the difference. Factors numbers that are multiplied together to obtain a product. Prime Number