RNSG 2205 Nursing Fundamentals Exam 6 Study Guide.

RNSG 2205 Nursing Fundamentals Exam 6 Study Guide. Chapter 15: Nutrition • What is malnutrition? o A condition resulting from lack of proper nutrients in a diet. • What to do when feeding a client w/ Alzheimer’s/Dementia? o Know what you would do during feeding. • What types of fats can be included in the client’s diet? o Saturated, unsaturated, and trans • What vitamin must be included in a vegan diet? o Proteins, calcium, vitamins B12 and D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids. • Helping a visually impaired client when eating. o Know what you would do while feeding the client. • What are obese clients at risks for? o Higher incidence of heart and vascular, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. • Megadose of vitamins o Consuming megadose of vitamins (amounts exceeding those considered adequate for health) of vitamins and minerals can be dangerous. • Cholesterol is tested to assess for what risk? o Cardiac risk • Client teaching about xerostomia o Also known as dry mouth o It is common in older adults and is often caused by medications or the effects of disease. o It interferes with chewing, swallowing, and enjoying meals. o Encourage people with dry mouth to drink adequate non caffeinated and nonalcoholic beverages or chew sugarless gum to promote salivation. Chapter 16: Fluid and Chemical Balance • What action should the nurse take for a client diagnosed with hypovolemia? o Administer IV fluids • What is the purpose for administering plasma? • Types of Solutions o Colloid o Hypertonic o Hypotonic o Isotonic • What is facilitated diffusion? o Glucose is made available to cells in combination with insulin and glucose transport (GLUT) proteins located within cellular membranes. • Phlebitis is… o Inflammation of a vein • Nursing intervention for phlebitis o Restart the IV, report findings, and apply warm compresses. • When to use vented vs unvented tubing? o Vented tubing is necessary for solutions packaged in rigid glass bottle containers; if unvented tubing is inserted into a glass bottle it will not leave the container. • Microdrip tubing standard drop rate o 60 • How can you treat hypervolemia? o Increasing the fluid volume, restricting or limiting oral fluids, reducing salt consumption, discontinuing IV fluid or reducing the infusion volume, administering drugs that promote urine elimination, or using a combination of any of these interventions. • Signs of hypovolemia o Increased pulse, increased respirations, and decreased blood pressure.