CSULB PSY 356 Exam I Exam study guide 2024 latest update already graded A+

What is Maddi's deinfition? Personality is the stable set of tendencies (motivations) and characteristics (traits) that determine differences and commonalities in psychological behavior of people..that have continuity in time, and may not be understood by biological and social pressures of that moment. What are the core structures and tendencies of Freud? Structures: Id-the pleasure principle Ego- the reality principle (no pain) Superego- rules that control which acts are OK. Tendency: Libido- a fixed amount energy to ego/id, mainly sexual What are the developments of Freud? (First three are personalities based off of fixation) 1. Oral-conflict of delay of gratification 2. Anal-conflict of accepting discipline from authority 3.Phallic-conflict of accepting social norms 4.Latent-resolution of Oedipal/Elektra 5.Genital-Procreation What are the regressive behaviors and daily traits of Frued's personalities? Oral-consume and self-denial/optimistic, pessimistic Anal-expulsive and retentive/stubborn, compliant Phallic-indep. and dependent/vain, self-loathe What are the defense mechanisms for Freud's personalities? Oral- denial, displacement, projection, fantasy Anal-intellectualization, reaction-formation Phallic-repression What is the difference in Psychosis and Neurosis? Psychosis-Id explodes at a breaking point. Neurosis- Controlled expression of Id What is the Oedipal and Elektra complex? Oedipal- Id wants mother, Ego fears castration; Superego wants to act like dad to get 'mommy' Elektra- id wants both mom and dad (and wants penis), Ego fears ???; Superego wants to act like mom to get indirect penis (from 'dad') What are Jung's Core structures and tendencies? Structures: Ego-reality principle (no pain) Personal Unconscious- Pleasure Principle Collective Unconscious- Archetypes What are Jung's Developments? None What are Jung's personality types? 3 dimensions: -Introversion(look inwards)/Extroversion(look outwards) -Thinking(analytical)/Feeling(emotional) -Sensing(using senses, surface)/Intuiting(finding meaning) 8 Types (intro/extro + 1 other) ET (problem solvers), EF (joiners), ES (Aesthetics), EI (adventurer), IT (thinkers), IF (snob), IS (egotistical), II (oddball) What are Jung's archetypes? Universal stereotypes in us that affect behavior Anima (female)- Animus (male): Animal stereotype Shadow-Persona: chaos vs. civilized Self (universal):trying to make ourselves whole What are Adler's core structures and tendencies? Structures: Feelings of inferiority: Organ Inferiority- not as fit Social Inferiority-not as good social class Psych. Inferiority- not as smart Universal Inferiority- Being a helpless child Tendencies: Striving for superiority towards Fictional Final Goal What is the development of Adler's Theory? Parental Rejection or Overindulgence -> Inferiority or Superiority complex (both can lead to either) What are the personalities of Adler's Theory? And what are the traits? Infinite types of "Styles of Life" Every trait is a means of compensating inferiority (Healthy or neurotic) What are Horney's core structures and tendencies? Structure: Basic Anxiety- feeling helpless and isolated Tendency: Overcome basic anxiety What are is the development of Horney's Theory? Parent's level of consistency determines the level of anxiety (not the type of personality). The level of anxiety gradually increases over time, with no 'breaking point' What are Horney's personality type's and triats? 3 Neurotic Styles w/traits: Moving Towards- overly dependent of other people Moving Away- very independent, Asocial, self-reliant Moving Against- Competitive, argumentative, need to feel superior of other people What are the structures and tendencies of Sullivan's theory? Structures: 2 basic goals Satisfaction- Biological (food, shelter, etc.) Security- social security (we want societal) Frustration- Direct (no interaction w/ppl) or Indirect (bad interaction w/ppl) Tendencies: Satisfy basic needs Create Personifications- personal stereotypes of people that can "split" with new interactions What are Sullivan's development stages? 2 stages: Middle Childhood: more exposure to personality leads to more personifications and more traits Adolescence: new level of interactions (dating) leads to new threats/securities What are the Sullivan's personalities and traits? Infinite Personalities With each new personification=new trait that reflect the personification What are Fromm's core structures and tendencies? Structures: 2 basic needs Autonomy- being free from society and independent Social Connection- being connected to society + New needs (relatedness, rootedness, transcendence, identity) Tendency: Restore the balance in needs that society weighs too much on (capitalism=> too much autonomy) What are Fromm's personality types and traits? Authoritarian-Sadist/Masochist (connected through force) Destructive-Vandalism/gossip (make others lose relationships) Conformist-echo opinion (trying to fit in) Receptive-being dependent Exploitative-trying to trick people