BIO lab exam 2 TAMU Questions And Answers 100% Solved | Already Passed

Coding regions - sequences of DNA that serve as instructions for making proteins (1-2% of human DNA) Non-coding regions - Human DNA that contains STRS and are responsible for regulatory functions ( DNA transcription 98-99% ) What are STRs? - short tandem repeats; unique repetition of nucleotide patterns. Differentiate one person from another. What is a DNA profile? - a specific pattern of DNA attributes that is obtained in the lab and can be used to identify an individual; is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics (profile) from a sample of bodily tissue What does PCR stand for? - polymerase chain reaction What is the purpose of PCR? - to amplify a specific desired fragment of DNA (make more copies) What is inside the master mix (forensic biology I)? - 3 pairs of primers, loading dye, nucleotides (dNTPs), Taq polymerase, mix buffer, and water. DNA sample is added to master mix. What are the components of PCR? and what do they do? - • Template: the DNA from the sample specimen serves as the template for replication • Primers: short stretches of DNA that initiate the PCR reaction. • Required for annealing and Taq binding at specific sites • Base sequences are complementary to the ends of the template DNA • Taq polymerase: adds dNTPs to the template strand • Reads the original DNA sequence and creates a complimentary copy by adding in the new DNA bases • Nucleotides (dNTPs): DNA bases (A, C, G, and T) serve as the building blocks of DNA and are used to assemble new strands of DNA • Buffer: enables the reaction to take place by ensuring the right conditions are met (controls pH)What does Chelex do? - The chelex resin chelates (absorbs) ions that inhibit function of the Taq polymerase enzyme What does the thermocycler do? - instruments used to amplify DNA and RNA samples by the polymerase chain reaction. It raises and lowers the temperature of the samples in a holding block in discrete, allowing for denatu