11th Grade US History EOC;B.O.C. Review 2024 with complete solution

this war between the states (CSA v. USA) promoted the growth of industrialism in the late 1800s (steel, railroads, communication, weapons, mass production of pre-made goods) - The Civil War railroad baron, a true symbol of the "Gilded Age," known as the Commodore. A college in Tennessee bears his name. - Cornelius Vanderbilt owned U.S. Steel and used Vertical integration to monopolize the steel industry. Gave millions to build libraries and schools. - Andrew Carnegie developed the air-braking system and alternating current - this allowed power to be sent over long distances. - George Westinghouse the sleeping car made him a very wealthy man. 1894 Strike resulted in the death of 34 people. - George Pullman he invented the telephone and was a pioneer in communication not only for the hearing, but for the deaf and hearing impaired as well. - Alexander Graham Bell the light bulb is his most famous invention, he also invented the phonograph, and the first motion pictures. - Thomas Edison owner of Standard Oil, he used Horizontal Integration to control the oil business - John D. Rockefeller developed the food processing industry (meat packing) - Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour the belief that the strongest societies will survive. This idea was also used to justify monopolies and trusts. If a business is meant to survive - it will. Laissez - Faire: government should keep out of business limit regulations. - social darwinism-survival of the fittest distillers conspired with political parties to cheat the U.S. Govt. out of millions of dollars of tax revenue. Citizens would demand reform within the government. Money was going to political parties instead of where it should go. - Whiskey Ring political machine that controlled politics in NYC in the late 1800s. Controlled by Boss William Marcy Tweed who was exposed by the political cartoons of Thomas Nast in Harpers Weekly. Nast is the father of the symbols of political parties, the modern image of Santa Claus. - Tammany Hall he invented barbed wire and brought an end to the open range. - Joseph Glidden he invented the typewriter. - Christopher Sholes he made milk chocolate available to the world. A Pennsylvania city bears his name. - Milton Hershey he invented the telegraph. - Samuel F.B. Morse he was a wealthy banker - purchased Carnegie Steel and created U.S. Steel. - J.P. Morgan attempt to stop patronage and political scandal, required government employees to pass a Civil Service Exam - Pendleton Civil Service Act the first government attempt to regulate business. (1887) required railroads to charge fair rates and to publish those shipping rates. - Interstate Commerce Act political movement for the common people. The government should own the railroads. Bimetallism, workers should have an 8 hour workday and better benefits. William Jennings Bryan - Cross of Gold Speech - Populism phrase coined by Mark Twain, describes time period between , extravagant wealth (top 5% held 86% of the nations wealth) terrible poverty existed underneath the surface. - Gilded Age an attempt by the US Government to Americanize the Native Americans. Divided reservations into small family sized plots of land. - Dawes Act