AP Statistics Exam Study Guide Questions With Solutions 2024.

AP Statistics Exam Study Guide Questions With Solutions 2024. How is a population measured? - correct answer a population is measured by a census. How is a sample measured? - correct answer A sample is measured using a sampling technique, of which there are several. Why do we often measure samples instead of populations? - correct answer Collecting data from an entire population is often impossible, infeasible, or beyond the capability of the resources we have available. Samples can supply good estimates of the population, and are much easier to collect data for. Bias - correct answer anything that causes a sample to be not representative of the population of interest. · What is the difference between sampling error and sampling bias? - correct answer Sampling error is an unavoidable phenomenon, because no sample can perfectly represent the population. Sampling bias, however, is a systematic and avoidable failure of the sample to at least be reasonably representative of the population. How can a small sample size affect the validity of the sample? - correct answer Small sample sizes will result in high sampling error, thus reducing the usefulness and applicability of the data. Undercoverage - correct answer When one or more sub-groups within a population are not adequately represented within the sample. This is particularly important if there is a meaningful difference between which groups are represented and which aren't, with regard to the research question. Nonresponse bias - correct answer When the attempt is made to include all relevant sub-groups, but some groups fail to respond or provide meaningful data. Again, particularly important if there is a meaningful difference between which groups are providing responses and which aren't.