APES Unit 8 exam multiple choice Questions and Answers 100% correct

APES Unit 8 exam multiple choice Questions and Answers 100% correct Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an effect of global warming? A) Loss of fertile delta regions for agriculture B) Change in global patterns of precipitation C) Extinction of some species that have narrow temperature requirements D) Decreased rate of photosynthesis in vegetation E) Increased frequency of hurricanes Decreased rate of photosynthesis in vegetation Of the following, which is the most serious immediate problem associated with sanitary landfills? A) Generation of gas B) Leachate contamination of groundwater C) Release of disease organisms D) Incomplete degradation of wastes E) Compaction and settling Leachate contamination of groundwater Ozone in the stratosphere is important to organisms at Earth's surface because ozone molecules are very strong absorbers of A) infrared rays B) ultraviolet rays C) microwaves D) visible light rays E) x-rays ultraviolet rays Characteristics that tend to increase the risk of a species becoming endangered include which of the following? I) Having a very limited distribution II) Being a specialist at the end of a long food chain III) Having a small population size I, II and III Global warming is most likely to directly cause which of the following? A) Shifting of grain belts toward the equator B) Falling sea levels in the Southern Hemisphere C) Coastal flooding and submersion of low-lying areas D) A decrease in the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere E) An increase in the number and size of glaciers Coastal flooding and submersion of low-lying areas Why do introduced species often become pests? A) They displace native species. B)They increase biodiversity. C) They do not adapt well to local habitats. D) They contribute to habitat fragmentation. E) They have low biotic potential. They displace native species. Fragmenting one large park or preserve into many small parks with human habitation in between them is most likely to lead to which of the following? A) Reduction in species diversity B) Stabilization of microclimates C) Decreases in the proportion of edge habitat D) Increase in gene flow within species E) Increase in population size of top carnivores Reduction in species diversity Which of the following human activities is most closely associated with depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer? A) Mining of coal B) Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners C) Heating of homes and factories D) Generation of electricity E) Agricultural irrigation Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners Which of the following is an important contributor to both global warming and ozone depletion? A) An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide to higher-than-preindustrial levels B) A buildup of methane in the stratosphere to higher-than-preindustrial levels C) An increase in the levels of ultraviolet radiation reaching Earth's surface D) An increase in the amount of infrared solar radiation absorbed in the troposphere E) A release of chlorofluorocarbons to the atmosphere A release of chlorofluorocarbons to the atmosphere Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following air pollutants. (A) Sulfur dioxide (B) Lead (C) Ozone (D) Hydrocarbons (E) Particulates Is the major pollutant that electrostatic precipitators are designed to remove from power-plant smokestack emissions Particulates Many scientists maintain that a rise in sea level has occurred in the last hundred years as a result of global warming. If this is true, which of the following factors best explains such a rise? A) Increased precipitation B) Increased cloud cover C) Increased evapotranspiration D) Thermal expansion of the ocean E) Melting of permafrost Thermal expansion of the ocean Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following. (A) Safe Drinking Water Act (B) Clean Water Act (C) Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (D) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (E) Toxic Substances Control Act Establishes cradle-to-grave tracking of hazardous waste Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Ozone in the stratosphere is most important to life at Earth's surface because it absorbs A) gamma rays B) microwaves C) ultraviolet light D) visible light E) x-rays ultraviolet light Of the following, which is true of noise pollution? A) Noise pollution is an insignificant occupational hazard. B) Noise at 100 decibels has twice the energy of noise at 50 decibels. C) Hearing damage occurs most quickly when the intensity level of the sound is low. D) In urban areas, few individuals are exposed to noise pollution. E) Sudden or persistent noise may lead to permanent hearing loss. Sudden or persistent noise may lead to permanent hearing loss. The polar regions radiate away more heat energy than they receive from the Sun in the course of a year. However, they are prevented from becoming progressively colder each year primarily by the A) absorption of ultraviolet radiation by snow B) transport of heat through the atmosphere and oceans C) concentration of Earth's magnetic field lines at the poles D) release of latent heat to the atmosphere when the polar ice caps melt E) generation of heat by glacial movement transport of heat through the atmosphere and oceans Which type of electricity-generating power plant releases radioactive materials as well as toxic metals such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions? A) Nuclear B) Hydroelectric C) Solar D) Coal-burning E) Geothermal Coal-burning If Earth had no atmosphere, the mean surface temperature would be approximately -15°C. With our present atmosphere, Earth's mean surface temperature is approximately +15°C. Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference? A) Reflection of incident solar radiation by clouds B) Scattering of visible radiation by aerosols C) Absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer D) Absorption of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases E) The breakdown of oxygen molecules in the thermosphere Absorption of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT A) O2 B) CH4 C) N2O D) CO2 E) CFC's O2 Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the substances listed. (A) Asbestos (B) Radon (C) Lead (D) Carbon monoxide (E) Formaldehyde Composed of fibers known to cause lung disease Asbestos Most data indicate that, during the past 100 years, mean global annual temperature has A) decreased by 5°C B) decreased by 0.5°C C) stayed the same D) increased by 0.5°C E) increased by 5°C increased by 0.5°C In the United States, the largest single component of municipal solid waste is A) glass B) paper C) food scraps D) wood and other construction debris E) plastic paper