DaVita Dialysis Study Guide Questions and Answers 100% Pass

DaVita Dialysis Study Guide Questions and Answers 100% Pass Define the term AKI Acute Kidney Injury Example of prerenal cause of AKI hemorrhage, sepsis, renal artery thrombosis/stenosis Example of intrarenal cause of AKI acute interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis, acute glomerulus nephritis Example of postrenal cause of AKI bladder or urethral malignancy, prostatic hyperplasia How do you help in restoring kidney function? best to keep wet; eliminate the cause How do you protect kidneys from further injury? avoid use of substances that may be toxic to kidneys and maintain good bp's to avoid poor profusion to kidneys Kt/v, what is "K" clearance of the urea What treatment factors decrease K? anti-coagulation, poor priming, not waiting for heparin, decreased BFR, not following P&P What treatment factors increase "K" increase BFR, correct dialyzer size, correct dry weight and amputation factor, correct DFR Kt/v, what is "T" time of dialysis session What factors influence 'T'? longer blood/dialysate contact time, more frequent or extra treatments Kt/v, what is 'V'? volume of urea distribution/volume of patients body water in which urea distributed What factors influence 'V'? amputation, height, sex and age 17 needle gauge 200-250 pump speed 16 needle gauge 250-350 pump speed 15 needle gauge 350-450 pump speed 14 needle gauge 450 or greater Post BUN procedure 1. turn off UFR or decrease it to 50 ase DFR tp 300 3. decrease BFR to 100 4, wait 15 seconds Lab mistakes that would falsely increase kt/v 1. BFRs not reduced 2. waiting 5 seconds 3. drawing post BUN from venous line Lab mistakes that would falsely decrease kt/v 1. accidentally diluting pre treatment arterial BUN blood sample with saline 2. waiting longer than 15 seconds to draw blood sample What is important when monitoring weight and BP? keep pts more wet than dry to drops in blood pressure