Hesi Pharmacology Blueprint Analgesics And Sensory Medications

v 2 types, non-opioids (non-sedating) and opioids (sedating, think low and slow) v Non-opioids Ø NSAIDs & Acetaminophen (Tylenol) § Anti-pyretic (anti-fever) § Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS only) § NOT a CNS depressant § Vital signs will not be affected or low and slow v SUFFIXES Ø Opioids -done/-one Ø NSAIDs (anti-inflammatory) -olac/-profen Ø Salicylate -ASA Ø Nonsalicylate -Acetaminophen v NSAID examples: Ø Remember NSAIK § Naproxen - #1 NSAID given § Salicylate acid (Aspirin) § Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) § Ibuprofen & Indomethacin § Ketorolac (brand: Toradol) only NSAID that can be given through Iv Ø SUFFIXES § Local Anesthetic -caine § General Anesthesia -ane § Barbiturates, general anesthesia -barbital v Pentobarbital  barbiturates Ø Preoperative sedation, help induce a coma with high intracranial pressure Ø Increase GABA which results in central NS depression Ø Side effects: lethargy, hypotension, respiratory depression, constipation Ø REMEMBER BY: I climbed over some barbed wire to get into the pentagon and the secret service came and knocked me out with some pentobarbital and took me to jail Ø Closely monitor patients vital signs and make sure resuscitation stuff is available v Propofol  general anesthetic agent Ø Used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia and provides sedation for patients Ø Potentiate the effect of GABA Ø Side effects: bradycardia, hypotension, amnesia (brings everything down) § When administering continuously monitor vital signs and keep in mind that propofol does not treat pain. § REMEMBER: If you are given propofol someone will have to PROP you up because you will be knocked out v Sedative medications Ø Insomnia Ø Zolpidem and Eszopiclone  increase GABA in the central NS which helps promote sedation and sleep § Both contain Zs and can help you catch zs Ø Side effects: daytime sleepiness, dizziness, possible abnormal thinking, and behavior Ø PATIENT TEACHING: Allow 8 hours of sleep each night, melatonin can help regulate the sleep/wake cycle v ANTIINFECTIVES (antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitic meds) Ø SUFFIXES for antibiotics and antibacterials § Broad spectrum antibiotic -oxacin § Tetracyclines -cycline § Sulfonamides (prefix) sulf- § Cephalosporin -cef/-ceph § Penicillins -cillin § Aminoglycosides -mycin § Macrolides -micin § Fluoroquinolones -floxacin Ø SUFFIXES for antivirals § Antiviral; disrupts viral maturation -virimat § Antiviral; undefined group -vir, vir- § Antiviral; neuraminidase inhibitors -amivir § Antiviral: Acyclovir -cyclovir § HIV protease inhibitors -navir § HIV/AIDS -vudine Ø SUFFIXES for ANTIFUNGAL § Antifungal -azole v 6 test tips of ABX Ø FINISH MED to prevent SUPER infection, do not stop when feeling better Ø Accidental pregnancy for the cillins and cyclins. Remember the 3 cs § C- child care § C- cillins  penicillin, amoxicillin § Cycline  doxycycline, tetracycline Ø HESI HINT § Oral contraceptives ineffective § Use additional contraception like IUD Ø NO alcohol Ø NO FOOD for MTF move the food § M  macrolides  azithromycin § T- Tetracycline  Doxycycline § F- Fluoroquinolones  Levofloxacin · Take on an empty stomach with a full glass off water Ø NO sun AVOID Fun The Sun § F  Fluoroquinolones  Levofloxacin  Achilles tendon rupture § T  Tetracycline  Doxycycline § S  Sulfa drugs  SUN burns · Trimethoprim  sulfa methox azole (Bactrim) Ø Key words: § Photosensitivity