IB Biology SL

Organic compound - Answer-A compound that contains carbon found in living organisms, excluding carbonates and oxides Enzyme - Answer-Biological catalysts made of protein that speed up the rate of a reaction Active site - Answer-The region of an enzyme where the substrate binds Denaturation - Answer-A structural change in the 3-D shape of a protein causing the loss of its chemical properties Cell respiration - Answer-The controlled release of enrgy from organic compiunds in cells to form ATP Gene - Answer-A heritable factor that controls a specific characteristic Alleles - Answer-Specific forms of a gene, differing by one or few bases only and occupying the same locus of the gene Genome - Answer-The whole of the genetic information of an organism Gene mutation - Answer-A change in the gene sequence Homologous chromosomes - Answer-Chromosomes similar in structure, with the same genes, but coming from different parents Genotype - Answer-The alleles of an organism Phenotype - Answer-The characteristics lof an organism Dominant allele - Answer-An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype in the homozygous of heterozygous state Recessive allele - Answer-An allele that only affects the phenotype in the homozygous state Codominant alleles - Answer-Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in the heterozygous state Locus - Answer-The position of a gene on homologous chromosmes Homozygous - Answer-Having two identical alleles of a gene Heterozygous - Answer-Having two different alleles of a gene