Certification CQPA PART 1,2,3,4 LATEST 2023

Certification CQPA PART 1,2,3,4 LATEST 2023 Part 1 Part 1 quality planning structured method of designing and establishing steps necessary to ensure that a product or service satisfies a customer. Shewhart 1930s developed methods for statistical analysis and control of quality; One of Deming teachers; SPC control chart; Shewhart cycle- Plan do study act Deming 1950s taught methods to Japanese engineers and executives; origin of TQM; 14 Points, cooperation, theory of profound knowledge Juran 1950s taught concepts of controlling quality and managerial breakthrough; first to incorporate the human aspect of quality management aka TQM-- quality trilogy: quality planning, quality improvement, quality control; QP activity of (1) establishing quality goals and (2) developing the products and process required *planning without goals is NOT possible Feigenbaum 1950s book total quality control forerunner for the present understanding of TQM, was published; founding chairman of the board of International Academy for Quality; "thinking out in advance the sequence of actions to accomplish a proposed course of action in doing work to accomplish certain objectives" Crosby promotion of zero defects (1950s) ANSI/ISO/ASQ Q QP: part of quality management focused on setting quality objectives and specifying necessary operational processes and related resources to fulfill the quality objectives purpose of quality planning identify actions that can increase effectiveness and efficiency of activities and processes approaches of quality planning Strategic-- long term tactic implementation-- short term (operational) summary of quality planning road map or guide to meeting customer expectations clear identification of customer requirements commitment of planning team members commitment from senior management a method for evaluating when customer expectations have been met (QFD best method; cause and effect) requirements necessary specific characteristics of a product or service that a customer demands and will purchase (should always be driven by the customer); product and process standards "statement, specification, or quantity of material against which measured outputs from a process may be judged as acceptable or unacceptable (National; International) 1 conformance (external) 2 guidance (internal) 3 regulatory (enforceable by law) 4 consensus (voluntarily adopted) specifications grouping of specific PARAMETERS that are required to ensure the success of a product to perform as design (James L Bossert) -- given by process (dynamic (not good))-- increased variation -- given by customer (tolerances) 1 Product 2 Process 3 Analytical 4 Raw material 5 Quality management ISO 9000 basic international standard (documentation is key) National Standards ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers); ASTM (American Society for Testing and Material); API (American Petroleum Institute) Quality Awards MBNQA (Malcom Baldrige National Quality Award), European Foundation for Quality Management's European Quality Award, the Deming Prize, and Shingo Prize for Excellence in Manufacturing Bar Chart used to compare things between different groups or to track changes over time. Gantt Chart timeline that is used as a project management tool to illustrate how the project will run. You can view individual tasks, their durations and the sequencing of these tasks. View the overall timeline of the project and the expected completion date.; useful for planning and scheduling projects. They help you assess how long a project should take, determine the resources needed, and plan the order in which you'll complete tasks. They're also helpful for managing the dependencies between tasks. Milestone Chart focuses on planned significant events scheduled to occur at specific times in the program. Such events could be the initiation or completion of a particularly important or critical activity, equipment deliveries, reviews, or approval dates. Like the Gantt Chart, the milestone chart uses symbols imposed on a calendar to provide information about planned and actual completion dates and any revisions to the milestone schedule; Program Managers (PM) rarely use pure Gantt or milestone charts. Normally they integrate the information from these charts and display it in a combination chart. Such a chart can be useful in displaying the planned and actual duration of activities using the Gantt chart symbols and in monitoring the progress for completing key events in these activities using the milestone symbols. Check sheet/Checklist simple document that is used for collecting data in real time and at the location where the data is generated. The document is typically a blank form that is designed for the quick, easy, and efficient recording of the desired information, which can be either quantitative or qualitative. When the information is quantitative, the check sheet is sometimes called a tally sheet. The check sheet is one of the seven basic tools of quality control made popular by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa; A defining characteristic of a check sheet is that data is recorded by making marks ("checks") on it. A typical check sheet is divided into regions, and marks made in different regions have different significance. Data is read by observing the location and number of marks on the sheet. Network Diagram visual representation of network architecture. It maps out the structure of a network with a variety of different symbols and line connections. It is the ideal way to share the layout of a network because the visual presentation makes it easier for users to understand how items are connected. Value Management Diagrams QFD a structured methodology and mathematical tool used to identify and quantify customers' requirements and translate them into key critical parameters. In Six Sigma, QFD helps you to prioritize actions to improve your process or product to meet customers' expectations. Part 2 Part 2 Feigenbaum definition of totally quality control total quality control's organization wide impact involves the managerial and technical implementation of customer-oriented quality activities as a prime responsibility of general management and of the main-line operations of marketing, engineering, production, industrial relations, finance, and service as well as of the quality-control function itself K. Ishikawa used "Company wide quality control" (CWQC) to differentiate the Japanese concept of total quality control from the American concept; "To practice quality control is to develop, design, produce and service a quality product which is most economical, most useful, and always satisfactory to the customer." The Quality Council group that develops guidelines, measure progress, and assist with implementation of the quality objectives (responsible for growth, control, and effectiveness of TQ); Quality policies guidelines that the organization's employees and management can follow; states intentions and direction of an organization with regard to quality as formally expressed by top management; (quality council should play major role in developing these) Strategic quality goals may gain priority from Quality council, as well as feedback from customers, top management or other organizational levels; they are specific, quantified, and scheduled; all corporate levels will place more emphasis on attaining the goals; resources must be secured for each goal; become part of strategic business plan champion of quality the quality driver; will not need to allocate or budget his personal department's funds to carry out TQ effort; even if quality driver would remove himself from active participation, the structure itself should be self sufficient quality manager vital role to play in this structure; directly coordinate resources to aid TQ effort; can provide assistance and guidance a system is in place when quality goals contained in the strategic business plan are agreed upon, assigned to various sections (or teams) in the organization, and are funded; after the system is in place the measurement of performance must then be addressed, just as other elements of the strategic business plan are measured (compare progress against goals) The quality audit provide independent and unbiased info to all those who have a need to know; scope may consist of criteria for Deming Prize or Baldrige National Quality Award (scope determined by guidelines set forth by quality council); can be conducted through internal teams, outside auditors, upper managers, or by the president Quality Standards gov't or industry endorsed descriptions of essential characteristics for an item or activity----- examples: ISO 9001:2008: Quality management systems - requirements ISO/TS 16949: Quality management systems - particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2008 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations ISO/IEC 17025: General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories ISO 14001:1996: Environmental management systems - specifications with guidance for use REQUIREMENT formal statement of a need and the mandatory/expected way to attain it; accomplishment level; binding technical prereq in approved specifications; necessary specific characteristics of a product or service that a customer demands and will purchase (should be driven by customer always) (product and process) SPECIFICATION mandatory requirement; describes essential technical requirements and verification procedures for items, materials and services (required quantitative goal); grouping of specific parameters that are required to ensure the success of a product to perform as designed (1. given by process (dynamic-not good) (increase variation) (2. given by customers (tolerances)) Three levels of product costs prevention appraisal failure (internal/external) prevention cost the costs of activities specifically designed to prevent poor quality in products or services; capability studies (ability to satisfy process and customers); new product reviews market research field trails development and implementation of quality data collecting and data reporting system *do it right the first time" - Deming appraisal cost the costs associated with measuring, evaluating, or auditing products or services to assure conformance to quality standards and performance requirements; audits inspection and test (and reporting) *did you make or do it right" FAILURE COSTS costs resulting from products or services not conforming to requirements or customer/user needs- that is, the costs resulting from poor quality. divided into internal and external components internal failure costs occur prior to delivery or shipment of the product, or the furnishing of a service, to the customer. equipment scrap/rework/waste troubleshooting engineering changes external failure costs occur after delivery or shipment of the product, or during or after furnishing of a service to the customer customer complaint visits