A level Geography Paper 1 Question and Answers Grade A+

A level Geography Paper 1 Question and Answers Grade A+ What is a system? - ANS A set of interrelated components working together towards some kind of process. What is an open system? - ANS Where matter and energy can be transferred from the system across and beyond the boundary into the surrounding environment. What is a closed system? - ANS These have transfers of energy both into and beyond the system boundary but not transfer of matter What is an isolated system? - ANS No interactions with anything outside the system boundary. No input or output of energy or matter What is dynamic equilibrium? - ANS The balanced state of a system when it's inputs and outputs are equal. If one element changes because of an external influence, this affects the internal equilibrium and affects other components of the system. By a process of feedback, the system adjusts to the change and regains equilibrium. What is positive feedback? - ANS Where the effects of an action are amplified or multiplied by subsequent or secondary knock-on effects. What is negative feedback? - ANS Where the effects of an action are nullified by its subsequent knock-on effects. What are the four coastal zones; explain each. - ANS -Backshore: Area between high water mark (HWM) and the landward limit of marine activity. Changes normally take place here only during storm activity. -Foreshore: Area lying between HWM and the low watermark (LWM). Most important to marine processes in times that are not influenced by the storm. -Inshore: Area between LWM and the point where the waves cease to have any influence on the land beneath. -Offshore: Area beyond the point where waves cease to impact upon the seabed and in which activity is limited to depositions of sediments Give the inputs, components and outputs in a coastal environment. - ANS Inputs: - Energy from wind, waves, tides & sea currents - Sediment from rivers, cliff erosion, wind, LSD