PC707: Final Exam questions with 100 % correct answers | verified

What class of medication can cause tooth discoloration, deposits on bones, and bone growth restriction? - Answer-Tetracycline antibiotics What are the risks to a postpartum mother and newborn if the mother is an ultra-rapid metabolizer taking codeine? - Answer-opioid toxicity *in ultrarapid metabolizers, there may be an increase in morphine from codeine, resulting in opioid toxicity. Combined oral contraceptives increase blood levels of _____________________, _____________________, _______________, and ________________. - Answer-theophylline valium TCA's Lithium Grapefruit juice is a CYP450 ____________, and leads to ______________ pharmacologic effect of drugs. - Answer-inhibitor increased What electrolyte do you need to monitor while a patient is taking Drospirenone (COC)? - AnswerPotassium It also interacts with other K+ sparing drugs, causing hyperkalemia (ACEi, ARBs, K+ sparin diuretics, NSAIDs) Iron supplementation is contraindicated in whom? - Answer-children <6 years overdose is fatal What are the risks to a pregnant woman who takes an NSAID? (2 listed) - Answer-Hypertension bleeding at deliveryWhat are the risks to a fetus if the mother takes an NSAID? (2 listed) - Answer-premature closure of DA may cause GI bleeds Probiotic use is contraindicated in whom? - Answer-immunocompromised individuals What fatal rhythm is the risk when taking a medication that causes a QT prolongation? - Answertorsades T/F: A 30-year old woman with hyperlipidemia can safely continue to take her statin when pregnant. - Answer-False *Statins are teratogenic in pregnancy Excessive intake of what vitamin is teratogenic in pregnancy? - Answer-Vitamin A/Retinoic Acid What is the black box warning for fluoroquinolones? - Answer-tendon rupture fluoroquinolones should not be prescribed for patients with peripheral atherosclerotic vascular disease, HTN, Marfan's syndrome and the elderly d/t the increased risk of what? - Answer-aortic aneurysm Clarithromycin (Biaxin) should not be taken with what two HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)? - Answer-lovastatin simvastatin Live vaccines are contraindicated in ___________, children <______ years old, and _____________________ individuals. - Answer-pregnancy children <12 years old immunocompromised Clients at high risk for low B6 (HIV, DM, RF, Alcoholics, pregnant/lactating women) should take supplemental vitamin B6 when taking what drug? - Answer-Isoniazid (INH)* also need backup contraceptive while using INH When taking Isoniazid (INH), patients at risk of what vitamin deficiency should supplement with it? - Answer-B6 * also need backup contraceptive while using INH Why is Macrobid contraindicated in the third trimester and during labor? - Answer-Can cause hemolytic anemia of the newborn T/F: Macrolides "mycins" can cause QT prolongation. - Answer-True