Test Bank for Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology 5th Edition by Eisenberg | Complete All Chapters

Test Bank for Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology 5th Edition by Eisenberg | Complete All Chapters . A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is this type of process. a. Idiopathic b. Iatrogenic c. Neoplasia d. Community acquired ANS: B The disease process caused by physicians and their treatment is iatrogenic. REF: p. 3 2. Basic reactions of the body to some form of injury is a: a. Disease process b. Pathology c. Study of diseases d. Idiopathic process ANS: A A disease is the pattern of the body’s response to some form of injury. REF: p. 1 2 3. What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown? a. Idiopathic b. Antietiologic c. Iatrogenic d. Nosocomial ANS: A Idiopathic diseases are those with an unknown, or as of yet unidentified, cause. REF: p. 3 4. Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells is called: a. Hyperplasia b. Dysplasia c. Neoplasia d. Aplasia ANS: C Alterations in cell growth lead to the development of neoplasms (tumors). REF: p. 7 5. The initial response of body tissues to local injury is: a. Infection b. Ischemia c. Edema d. Inflammation ANS: D Inflammation is the initial response of body tissues to local injury. 3 REF: p. 3 6. Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by: a. Hyperemia b. Scar tissue c. Hyperplasia d. Infarction ANS: A This hyperemia produces the heat and redness associated with inflammation. REF: p. 3 7. In an injury, the destroyed tissue is replaced with: a. Granulomatous inflammation b. Granulation tissue c. Phagocytes d. Pyogens ANS: B A fibrous scar replaces the area of destroyed tissue with granulation tissue. Granulation tissue refers to a combination of young, developing capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts, which produce connective tissue fibers (collagen) that replace the dead tissue. REF: p. 4 8. Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is: a. Edema b. Tumor c. Calor 4 d. Dolor ANS: B The five clinical signs of acute inflammation are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and loss of function. REF: p. 4 9. Some bacterial organisms that produce these substances that cause damage to the tissue and incite the inflammatory process are known as: a. Toxoids b. Pyogens c. Toxins d. Abscesses ANS: C Some bacterial organisms (such as staphylococci and streptococci) produce toxins that damage the tissues and incite an inflammatory response. REF: p. 4 10. Chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has a centralized necrosis is called: a. An exudates b. A granuloma c. An abscess d. Hyperplasia ANS: B A granuloma is a localized area of chronic inflammation, often with central necrosis. REF: p. 4 5 All information provided for reference only 11. In acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the: a. Migration of circulating white blood cells b. Increased blood flow and vascular permeability c. Regeneration of normal parenchymal cells d. Enzymatic digestion of dead cells ANS: B The localized heat and redness result from increased blood flow in the microcirculation at the site of injury. REF: p. 4 12. In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called: a. Bacteria b. Pus c. Edema d. A scar ANS: B The presence of pyogenic bacteria leads to the production of a thick, yellow fluid called pus, which contains dead white blood cells, inflammatory exudates, and bacteria. REF: p. 4 13. All pyogens have the ability to enter the blood circulation causing: a. Bacteremia b. Phagocytosis c. Septicemia d. Keloid tissue 6 All information provided for reference only ANS: A All pyogens, wherever they become implanted, have the ability to invade blood vessels to produce bacteremia, with the potential involvement of other organs and tissues in the body. REF: p. 4 14. Connective tissue fibers replacing dead tissue, then contracting in the abdomen are known as: a. Keloids b. Suppurative inflammation c. Fibrous adhesions d. Hyperemia ANS: C Eventually the strong connective tissue contracts to produce a fibrous scar. In the abdomen, such fibrous adhesions can narrow loops of intestine and result in an obstruction. REF: p. 4 15. An accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue throughout the body is called: a. Bacteremia b. Elephantiasis c. Filariasis d. Anasarca ANS: D Generalized edema occurs with pronounced swelling of subcutaneous tissues throughout the body (anasarca). REF: p. 4 16. Localized _____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid accumulation. 7 All information provided for reference only a. Filariasis b. Edema c. Elephantiasis d. Fibrous adhesions ANS: B Edema is the accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities. Localized edema results from an inflammatory reaction.