SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Integrated Principles of Zoology 19/E Cleveland Hickman
Chapter 1. Life, Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology
1) The property of living organisms that involves a unique and complex molecular organization
is called
A) growth.
B) development.
C) metabolism.
D) reproduction.
E) chemical uniqueness.
2) A characteristic of science is
A) it is not explained by natural laws.
B) its hypotheses are testable.
C) its conclusions are final.
D) it is not falsifiable.
E) it seeks to define the vitalistic forces of life.
3) A cell dies and its complex organic molecules degrade into a mass of simple molecules no
more organized than the nonliving matter outside the cell. This feature of life, which is now
lost, is
A) growth and reproduction.
B) adaptability.
C) metabolism.
D) irritability.
E) complexity and hierarchical organization.
4) Which hierarchy of an organization is seen in multicellular organisms such as animals, going
from smallest to largest?
A) cell, organ, tissue, organism
B) cell, organ, organ system, tissue
C) cell, tissue, organ system, organism
D) organism, organ system, organ, tissue
E) tissue, organ system, cell, organism
1
,5) The structure of a brick does not predict the design of a home. Study of muscle tissues does
not allow you to predict the design of a bird or snake. Such examples demonstrate
A) the essential properties found in all forms of life.
B) the hierarchy of organization from atom to biosphere.
C) deterministic philosophy or how all phenomena are predictable effects of causes.
D) emergent properties that cannot be predicted by examining component parts.
6) Which of the following characteristics is NOT required for the life of an individual organism
to continue?
A) chemical uniqueness and organization
B) response to stimuli
C) evolution
D) a genetic program to control cell processes
7) Which statement about living things is FALSE?
A) Living things are made up of cells.
B) Living things obey the laws of chemistry and physics.
C) Living things show organization and other common characteristics of life.
D) Emergent properties arise from interactions among the components of a system.
E) Living things are composed only of organic elements, whereas nonliving things are
made up of inorganic elements.
8) "Self-replicating molecular assemblage" is a classic definition of life. However, clay particles
in clay soil contain aluminum and iron compounds that determine the pattern of particles in
adjacent layers over time and, therefore, represent a self-replicating molecular assemblage.
What can we conclude?
A) Clay soil is living.
B) Clay soil is not living because there was no molecular change involved.
C) Clay soil is not living because no carbon is involved; otherwise, such replication
would be living.
D) Clay soil is not living because what is described is a simple repetitive process without
the ability to evolve or respond to the environment.
2
,9) All of the chemical energy transformations that occur within a cell constitute
A) evolution.
B) metabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) homeostasis.
10) "Cryptobiosis" is a state of almost total water loss found in some roundworms, rotifers, and
tardigrades and was previously considered a near cessation of metabolism. Recently, a
British Museum botanist accidentally spilled fluid on a 120+year-old herbarium mount of a
lichen. Fearing damage to the specimen, he immediately inspected it under the microscope
and found tardigrades "waking up." This observation
A) supports the claim that the tardigrades were dead but began respiring again at a very
slow rate after the fluid was added.
B) makes it possible that we can bring most dead animals back to life.
C) contradicts both the cell theory and evolutionary theory.
D) indicates metabolism did not stop, and that organization and water made it sufficient
to maintain the possibility for "life."
11) Reproduction of organisms involves the apparently contradictory phenomena of
A) cellular and noncellular structures.
B) catabolism and anabolism.
C) adaptation and evolution.
D) variation and heredity.
12) The main function of a genetic program is to
A) maintain metabolism in living systems.
B) respond to environmental stimuli.
C) provide fidelity of inheritance and allow for genetic variation.
D) regulate development of multicellular creatures.
3
, 13) A molecular pathway in the liver that is responsible for breaking down complex molecules
into simple molecules for excretion as wastes is an example of
A) anabolism.
B) catabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) entropy.
14) Embryos, larvae, and metamorphosis are related to which characteristic of living systems?
A) development
B) metabolism
C) movement
D) environmental interaction
15) Irritability is related to which general property of living systems?
A) development
B) metabolism
C) evolution
D) environmental interaction
16) Which statement about environmental interaction is NOT correct?
A) The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment is called ecology.
B) To study ecology, we must separate living organisms from their environment.
C) The evolutionary history of a lineage is connected to the environment where it lived.
D) Organisms are intimately connected with their physical environment.
17) Which best describes the first law of thermodynamics?
A) Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to
another.
B) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter.
C) Useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs.
D) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one form to
another.
4
Integrated Principles of Zoology 19/E Cleveland Hickman
Chapter 1. Life, Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology
1) The property of living organisms that involves a unique and complex molecular organization
is called
A) growth.
B) development.
C) metabolism.
D) reproduction.
E) chemical uniqueness.
2) A characteristic of science is
A) it is not explained by natural laws.
B) its hypotheses are testable.
C) its conclusions are final.
D) it is not falsifiable.
E) it seeks to define the vitalistic forces of life.
3) A cell dies and its complex organic molecules degrade into a mass of simple molecules no
more organized than the nonliving matter outside the cell. This feature of life, which is now
lost, is
A) growth and reproduction.
B) adaptability.
C) metabolism.
D) irritability.
E) complexity and hierarchical organization.
4) Which hierarchy of an organization is seen in multicellular organisms such as animals, going
from smallest to largest?
A) cell, organ, tissue, organism
B) cell, organ, organ system, tissue
C) cell, tissue, organ system, organism
D) organism, organ system, organ, tissue
E) tissue, organ system, cell, organism
1
,5) The structure of a brick does not predict the design of a home. Study of muscle tissues does
not allow you to predict the design of a bird or snake. Such examples demonstrate
A) the essential properties found in all forms of life.
B) the hierarchy of organization from atom to biosphere.
C) deterministic philosophy or how all phenomena are predictable effects of causes.
D) emergent properties that cannot be predicted by examining component parts.
6) Which of the following characteristics is NOT required for the life of an individual organism
to continue?
A) chemical uniqueness and organization
B) response to stimuli
C) evolution
D) a genetic program to control cell processes
7) Which statement about living things is FALSE?
A) Living things are made up of cells.
B) Living things obey the laws of chemistry and physics.
C) Living things show organization and other common characteristics of life.
D) Emergent properties arise from interactions among the components of a system.
E) Living things are composed only of organic elements, whereas nonliving things are
made up of inorganic elements.
8) "Self-replicating molecular assemblage" is a classic definition of life. However, clay particles
in clay soil contain aluminum and iron compounds that determine the pattern of particles in
adjacent layers over time and, therefore, represent a self-replicating molecular assemblage.
What can we conclude?
A) Clay soil is living.
B) Clay soil is not living because there was no molecular change involved.
C) Clay soil is not living because no carbon is involved; otherwise, such replication
would be living.
D) Clay soil is not living because what is described is a simple repetitive process without
the ability to evolve or respond to the environment.
2
,9) All of the chemical energy transformations that occur within a cell constitute
A) evolution.
B) metabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) homeostasis.
10) "Cryptobiosis" is a state of almost total water loss found in some roundworms, rotifers, and
tardigrades and was previously considered a near cessation of metabolism. Recently, a
British Museum botanist accidentally spilled fluid on a 120+year-old herbarium mount of a
lichen. Fearing damage to the specimen, he immediately inspected it under the microscope
and found tardigrades "waking up." This observation
A) supports the claim that the tardigrades were dead but began respiring again at a very
slow rate after the fluid was added.
B) makes it possible that we can bring most dead animals back to life.
C) contradicts both the cell theory and evolutionary theory.
D) indicates metabolism did not stop, and that organization and water made it sufficient
to maintain the possibility for "life."
11) Reproduction of organisms involves the apparently contradictory phenomena of
A) cellular and noncellular structures.
B) catabolism and anabolism.
C) adaptation and evolution.
D) variation and heredity.
12) The main function of a genetic program is to
A) maintain metabolism in living systems.
B) respond to environmental stimuli.
C) provide fidelity of inheritance and allow for genetic variation.
D) regulate development of multicellular creatures.
3
, 13) A molecular pathway in the liver that is responsible for breaking down complex molecules
into simple molecules for excretion as wastes is an example of
A) anabolism.
B) catabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) entropy.
14) Embryos, larvae, and metamorphosis are related to which characteristic of living systems?
A) development
B) metabolism
C) movement
D) environmental interaction
15) Irritability is related to which general property of living systems?
A) development
B) metabolism
C) evolution
D) environmental interaction
16) Which statement about environmental interaction is NOT correct?
A) The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment is called ecology.
B) To study ecology, we must separate living organisms from their environment.
C) The evolutionary history of a lineage is connected to the environment where it lived.
D) Organisms are intimately connected with their physical environment.
17) Which best describes the first law of thermodynamics?
A) Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to
another.
B) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter.
C) Useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs.
D) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one form to
another.
4
