Gross Anatomy Exam 1 (Palmer College Gross Anatomy 1) with Complete Solutions!

Origin - ANSWER-The end of the muscle that attaches to the more or less stationary part of the skeleton. insertion - ANSWER-the end of the muscle attached to the portion of the skeleton which moves when the muscle contracts. belly - ANSWER-the term for the fleshy (muscle fiber portion) of the muscle which is surrounded by the epimysium Tendons - ANSWER-the connective tissue portion of the muscle (the continuation of the epimysium) which attached to the bone. strong tensile strength. What are tendons composed of? - ANSWER-collagen fibers Tensile strength - ANSWER-the load necessary to rupture a given material when pulled in the direction of its length and allows muscles to withstand considerable amount of pressure. What 5 advantages do tendons give muscles? - ANSWER-1) Tensile strength 2) improves leverage by concentrating the force of a muscle on a small area 3) economize space and maintain limb conformity 4) act as a damping tissue to absorb shock and limit potential damage to bone and muscle. 5) flexible, so they can bend at the joints What are sharpey's fibers? - ANSWER-penetrations of the collagen fibers into the bone. In traction injuries what two things normally occur instead of the tendon pulling out of the bone? - ANSWER-1) tears within its substance or 2) a fragment of bone is pulled out with the collagen fibers- aversion fracture Do tendons have sensory and/or motor function? - ANSWER-Sensory only Where are the tendons sensory components located? - ANSWER-Offer proprioceptive input from mechanoreceptors found near the musculo-tendon junction. What is the vascular supply of tendons? - ANSWER-Vary from fairly good supply to almost avascular. What is the tendon vascular supply important for? - ANSWER-Important in the healing of damaged tendons. Tendons with a good blood supply will heal quicker than a tendon with tendons that don't. Bursa - ANSWER-Lubricating devices that will develop between the tendon and another structure (skin, bone, another tendon) to limit friction and thus inflammation of the tendon. What is a bursa? - ANSWER-A sac of connective tissue that is filled with synovial fluid. How can bursae allow infections to be introduced into the joint cavity? - ANSWER-Some bursae will communicate with nearby joint cavities and can form a pathway by which infections may be introduced into the joint cavity.