POLS 101 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED

POLS 101 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED Unitary System of Government type of government that centralizes all the powers of government into one central authority Federal System of Government a system in which power is shared among state and national authorities Democracy nation ruled by the people Direct Democracy everyone makes the decision on laws Representative Democracy people elect representatives to vote for them on laws Communism Classless society where everyone is equal, there is no need for government, military, or police force. This is because everyone is equal and everyone would share their goods Socialism The government should control all means of communication, transportation, and production of goods. In the goal of making all people equal. -Social based idea of how to create a government to provide equality for all people Declaration of Independence the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain Inalienable Rights rights the government cannot take away that we have at birth no matter what John Locke English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property. Federalism Strong national government that works with state governments to govern, if a state law ever goes against a federal law, the federal government wins Confederation Other groups argued that states should have more power. Anything a state can do for themselves the federal government should not have anything to do with it. The only thing a federal government should do is things the individual states could not do for themselves. Nullification Under Confederation any state has the power to nullify any law passed Articles of Confederation 1st Constitution of the U.S. (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade) Constitutional Convention of 1787 Philadelphia Convention that turned into the Constitutional Convention, only federalists left there, began drafting Constitution Land Ordinance of 1785 Creates land west of the Appalachian Mountains to become known as the Northwest Territory, Creates township system, land is sold in 1x1 mile plots, 36 per township, 640 acres a piece sold for 1 dollar an acre, too expensive often bought up and sold further as 1x1 acre plots Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Creates system to make territories and states in the Northwest Territory, for territory has to have 5000 white males sign a petition, for statehood has to have 60000 inhabitants sign a petition Constitution Ratified in 1788, it spelled out how the United States was to be run, had a stronger central government, had amendments including the first 10 which was the Bill of Rights, had a separation of powers built into it with three branches of government Federalists Favored Constitution and a strong central government Anti-Federalists Strong state government keep it how it is, wanted the power of the federal government to be minimal Bill of Rights The first ten amendments to the Constitution, gave guaranteed rights to the people Necessary and Proper Clause Clause of the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) setting forth the implied powers of Congress. It states that Congress, in addition to its express powers, has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out all powers the Constitution vests in the national government