ABO Advanced Exam Study Questions and Answers Graded A Already Passed 100% Verified

ABO Advanced Exam Study Questions and Answers Graded A Already Passed 100% Verified accommodation - the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina Irregular astigmatism - A refractive condition caused by a cornea which is damaged and irregular so that rays of light come to many focal points on the retina; is not correctable by cylinders. posterior chamber - space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor Rods - retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond Hyperphoria - Tendency for the eye to turn upward when both eyes are fixating on ab object; controlled by fusion. anisometropia - significant unequal refractive error between two eyes presbyopia - farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age. Myopia (nearsightedness) - a condition resulting from a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are brought into focus in front of the retina. Compound hyperopic astigmatism - The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina. sclera and cornea - two regions of the fibrous tunic vitreous humor - jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape Esophoria - the eye turns in when the client is not focusing on an object Index of refraction Cornea - 1.37 Fusion occurs - in the brain Epithelium - Outermost layer of the cornea, highly regenerative accomadation - the ability of the lens to adjust shape to facilitate focusing farsighted eye - the eye is too short, the light rays focus behind the retina, blurry close up, hyperopic astigmatism - a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea amblyopia - loss of vision not due to any disease; not correctable with glasses; persons with amblyopia wear a patch over one eye to force affected eye to work; commonly called lazy eye Number of muscles attached to the eye - 6 extraocular muscles cataract - clouding of the internal lens of the eye Cones - retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well -lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations. ametropia - Any condition that keeps light from focusing directly on the retina. +.50-.75x10 corrects what condition - mixed astigmatism plano -2.00x180 corrects what condition - simple myopic astigmatism aqueous humor - Second medium that light passes though after the cornea. Optical Infinity - This is where light rays go parallel at 20 feet. Aphakic eye - When the eye is without the natural crystalline lens Optical infinity (20 feet) - The internal lens as as thin as possible, at rest, at this distance. Retina - the light -sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information minumum blank size formula - (decentration)*2 +ED=minimum blank size. 4mm OD Decentration ED 59 Blank Size - (4*2)+59=67 5mm OS Decentration ED 59mm Blank size - (5*2) +59=69mm