WSU Biology 106 Exam 3 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+

WSU Biology 106 Exam 3 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+ Arthropods - ANSWER- Phyla with greatest amount of diversity with 85% of animal spp 700 million years ago - ANSWER- When the first animals originated Porifera (sponges) - ANSWER- Phyla with no tissues, muscles, nerves, or specialized organs Choanocytes - ANSWER- Flow of water and food acquisition in sponges Amoebocytes - ANSWER- Found in sponges, these cells are mobile and perform numerous functions, including reproduction, transport of food particles to nonfeeding cells, and secretion of material that forms the spicules Spicules - ANSWER- Found in sponges, these consist of inorganic materials and support the animal Cnidaria (jellyfish) - ANSWER- Phyla with 2 tissue layers, contractile muscle and nerve cells, gastrovascular cavity, and radial symmetry Metazoa - ANSWER- multicellular animals Cambrian Explosion - ANSWER- Diversity of large animals increased dramatically around 550 million years ago Three tissue layers - ANSWER- ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm Bilateral symmetry - ANSWER- Posterior/anterior left/right senses concentrated in head and direction of movement Coelom - ANSWER- Body cavity with space to put organs Lophotrochozoa - ANSWER- A phyla group that has feeding and locomotory similarities Ectoprocta - ANSWER- Colonial, filter feeders All cells are identical Cannot move Rotifera - ANSWER- eutely and small phylum (< 3mm) Filter feeders Have set number of cells Cryptobiosis - ANSWER- To hide life What occurs when environment changes around rotifera How rotifera develop - ANSWER- Individual cells enlarge rather than divide Annelida - ANSWER- Segmented worms Hydrostatic skeleton Hydrostatic skeleton - ANSWER- skeleton made of fluid-filled body segments that work with muscles to allow the animal to move Metanephridia - ANSWER- Tubes that process metabolic waste in annelidas Mollusca - ANSWER- Visceral mass, mantle, and foot Contain radula Radula - ANSWER- An organ covered with teeth that mollusks use to scrape food into their mouths Nudibranchs - ANSWER- Sea slugs Bivalves - ANSWER- mollusks that have two shells held together by hinges and strong muscles (clams) Cephalopods - ANSWER- octopus, squid Platyhelminthes - ANSWER- Phylum of flatworms 80% are parasitic Ecdysozoa - ANSWER- Nematoda and Arthropoda Nematodes - ANSWER- Roundworms cuticle, molt, eutetly, ubiquitous, a few spp parasitic Abundant in soil and aquatic habitats Pinworms - ANSWER- Parasite of the gut Common in young children Hookworm - ANSWER- Parasitic worm that consumes blood filarial roundworms - ANSWER- Parasitic worm that causes elephantiasis or destruction of lymphatic system Arthropoda - ANSWER- Phylum where all species have a segmented exoskeleton and jointed appendages Insects - ANSWER- The most numerous kind of species of the arthropod phyla Tagmatization - ANSWER- The fusion of segments with specialized f(x) in arthropods Deuterostomia - ANSWER- echinoderms and chordates Contain vertebrates Echinodermata - ANSWER- Phyla with water vascular system, tube feet, pentaradial symmetry, an endoskeleton Such as starfish Tube feet - ANSWER- Extensions of an echinoderm's water vascular system that stick out from the body and function in movement and obtaining food. Hemichordates - ANSWER- acorn worms Chephalochordata - ANSWER- lancelets Urochordates - ANSWER- tunicates and sea squirts Chordata - ANSWER- Phyla group with: Notochord Dorsal, hollow nerve chord Post-Anal tail Pharyngeal gill slits Notochord - ANSWER- A flexible rod that supports a chordate's back dorsal hollow nerve chord - ANSWER- nerve cord found in all chordates that forms the spinal cord and brain post-anal tail - ANSWER- A tail that extends beyond the anus in chordates