Exam 2 NURS 5315 Questions and Answers with complete

Leukocytosis - Answer-increase in the number of white blood cells Leukopenia - Answer-deficiency of white blood cells Neutrophilia - Answer-elevated neutrophil count; commonly seen in bacterial infections, inflammation, & necrotic tissue Neutropenia - Answer-a decreased number of neutrophils; commonly seen in liver disease, viral infections, & drugs Eosinophilia - Answer-increase in numbers of eosinophils; commonly seen in allergic reactions & parasitic infections Eosinopenia - Answer-decrease in the number of eosinophils; commonly seen with pancytopenia & steroid use Basophilia - Answer-elevation in the number of basophils in the blood; seen with allergic reactions monocytosis - Answer-increase in the number of monocytes; seen when someone is recovering from an infection or with a TB infection Monocytopenia - Answer-Decreased number of monocytes; can be seen with steroid use and HIV infection Lymphocytosis - Answer-increase in number of lymphocytes; seen in viral infections, lymphoma & leukemia Lymphocytopenia - Answer-decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the blood; seen with AIDS, chemotherapy & steroid use Leukemia - Answer-malignant disorder of the blood and blood forming organsAcute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) - Answer-P: marked by > 30% of lymphoblasts in the blood or bone marrow Age of onset: most common in children but is seen in adults S/S: fever, pallor, bleeding, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, infection, joint pain, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, night sweats, weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, petechiae and eechymosis Prognosis: survival rate decreases with age Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) - Answer-P: marked by a proliferation of immature myeloid cells, decreased apoptosis and a lack of cellular differentiation. It is aggressive and fast-growing. Age of onset: most common adult leukemia; incidence increases with age. Prognosis: remission rates are inversely r/t age S/S of Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) - Answer-Fever, pallor, bleeding, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, infection, joint pain, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, night sweats, weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, petechiae and ecchymosis. Survival rate decreases with age. 3 CNS may be affected: headache, vomiting, papilledema, facial palsy, meningeal irritation. S/S of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) - Answer-Fever, pallor, bleeding, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, infection, joint pain, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, night sweats, weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, petechiae and ecchymosis. Survival rate decreases with age. 3 CNS may be affected: headache, vomiting, papilledema, facial palsy, meningeal irritation Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Answer-P: Malignant transformation of B-lymphocytes. They do not prevent the growth of normal blood cells as much as an acute leukemia does. B-cells have decreased apoptosis. Infiltrates lymph nodes, liver, spleen and salivary glands Age of onset: Incidence is increased in persons older than 40. Prognosis: longer life span expected than in acute leukemias, survival time is 10+ years. S/S of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Answer-Suppression of humoral immunity, increased infections with encapsulated bacteria. Most are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Neutropenia Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - Answer-P: Characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome Age of onset: Incidence is increased in persons older than 40. Prognosis: Bone marrow transplant may be curative.S/S of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - Answer-Splenomegaly most common finding. Hepatomegaly, hyperuricemia, infection, fever, wt loss