Illinois pesticide general standards TOP MANDATORY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2024

pest - any insect, mite, rodent,nematode, fungus, weed, or other plant or animal that is injurious to the health of humans, animals, or to the environment economic threshold - number of pests per plant or the amount of damage to a plant at which point control measures should be begun economic injury level - break-even point at which the cost of pest control equals the revenue loss caused by a pest aesthetic injury level - number of pests that might cause enough damage to the appearance of a plant to warrant the cost of control cultural control - improves crop health in order to make the crop better able to compete against pests. for example, a dense, vigorous stand of turfgrass that has been properly fertilized and mowed is the best defense against invading weeds. selecting plants that are resistant to insects or disease pathogens is another cultural control practice mechanical control - physically eliminates the best. hand pulling, hoeing, rotary hoeing, cultivating, mowing, and aquatic weed harvesting can control weeds and minimize the needs for herbicides biological control - the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations to economically acceptable levels. insects,diseases, or parasitic plants can be used as control agents to reduce weed competitiveness. examples for pest control-parasitic wasps to control alfalfa weevil and b.t. to control corn borers. triploid amur carp, have been used successfully in some aquatic areas. chemical control - may be an integral part of an ipm program. quick effective short term, consider non-chemical methods first, consider environmental impacts, apply at proper time and site plant pests - are generally categorized as insects and other animals, weeds, or diseases. first step in pest control is identification of the pest miticides - mites desiccants - plants to be dehydrated active ingredients - toxic to the pest. examples: glysophate, carbaryl, propiconazole inactive ingredients - example: solvent or dry carrier adjuvant- - a chemical that modifies a pesticides physical properties and/or enhances performance drift reduction additives - increase droplet size and reduce drift spreaders - help individual spray droplets spread out on the treated surface stickers - improve pesticide adherence to the treated surface