Cognitive neuroscience Final Exam with complete solutions

Cognitive neuroscience Final Exam with complete solutions Parkinson's disease results from cell death in the ---, which is a part of the ---- - answerSubstantia nigra; basal Ganglia Which of the following is not an Effector? - answerThe brain Corticospinal fibers originate primarily in the: - answerPrimary motor cortex Lesions to the pyramidal tract would produce difficulty in moving effectors on which side of the body? - answerThe contralateral side One major difference between the pyramidal and the extrapyramidal motor factors is their points of the origin. The pyramidal tracts carry messages from--- to the spinal cord, whereas the extrapyramidal tracts carry messages from--- to the spinal cord. - answercortical structures; subcortical structures Simple reflexive motor responses to the external stimuli rely primarily on the function of the---, whereas motor behaviors that are only minimally dependent on such external cues rely primarily on the function of the---. - answerspinal cord; motor cortex ----- seems particularly important in the control and planning of complex motor sequences as opposed to simple movements. - answerThe motor cortex regions in the prefrontal lobes Mirror cells are neurons in the--- cortex that respond wen a person produces a particular movement and when the person--- - answerpremotor; perceives another animal producing the same movement. Hemiplegia is the: - answerparalysis of the side of the body that is contralateral to the injured brain region After suffering a focal brain injury, a patient has great difficulty in pantomiming particular motor actions such as turning a key in a lock. Because other problems like hemiplegia, muscle weakness, sensory deficits, and lack of motivation have been ruled out, your diagnosis would be.. - answerapraxia A patient has damage to the basal ganglia, particularly within the striatum, and demonstrates both chorea and hyperkinesia. What is your diagnosis? - answerHuntington's disease What disorder is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic fibers in the substantia nigra, which results in deficits in initiating voluntary movements, bradykinesia, and progressive emergence of resting tremor? - answerParkinson's disease --- is the process of acquiring new information, whereas--- is the trace that results from this process and can be revealed at a later time. - answerlearning; memory --- refers to the processing of incoming information to be stored. - answerEnconding George miller and other investigators found that humans can hold about--- items in short-term memory at a time. - answerSeven Organizing individual bits of information into higher-order units can increase the amount of information that can be held in short-term memory. This strategy is called. - answerChunking Visual sensory memory is to--- as auditory sensory memory is to--- - answerIconic memory; echoic memory The term--- refers to a limited- capacity store that not only retains information over the short term (maintenance) but also permits the performance of mental operations with the contents of this store (manipulation) - answerWorking memo