NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Week 7 Quiz- Version 3

Uncal herniation occurs when a cerebellar tonsil shifts through the foramen magnum. the cingulate gyrus shifts under the falx cerebri. the diencephalon shifts from the middle fossa straight downward through the tentorial notch into the posterior fossa. the hippocampal gyrus shifts from the middle fossa through the tentorial notch into the posterior fossa. Uncal herniation (hippocampal herniation, lateral mass herniation) occurs when the uncus or hippocampal gyrus (or both) shifts from the middle fossa through the tentorial notch into the posterior fossa, compressing the ipsilateral third cranial nerve impairing parasympathetic functioncarried in the periphery of the nerve, then the contralateral third cranial nerve, and finally the mesencephalon, inducing coma. What are the areas of the brain that mediate several cognitive functions, including vigilance, reasoning, and executive functions? Parietal Occipital Limbic Prefrontal It is the prefrontal lobe that mediates several cognitive functions, including vigilance, reasoning, and executive functions. The body compensates to a rise in intracranial pressure by first displacing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). arterial blood. cerebral cells. venous blood. A rise in intracranial pressure necessitates an equal reduction in volume of the other contents. The most readily displaced content of the cranial vault is CSF. Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes communicating hydrocephalus by obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid flow into the subarachnoid space. the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid by the arachnoid villi. the cerebrospinal fluid flow between the ventricles. blood flow to the arachnoid villi. Hydrocephalus from impaired absorption outside the ventricles is called communicating (extraventricular) hydrocephalus. With receptive dysphasia (fluent), the individual is able to respond in writing, but not in speech. respond verbally, but not comprehend speech. Correct Answer comprehend speech, but not respond verbally. speak back, but not comprehend speech. Receptive dysphasia may result in expressive deficits.