AFOQT Aviation Information Correct Questions and Answers!!

fixed-wing aircraft structure - ANSWERS1. Fuselage 2. Wings 3. Tail assembly or empennage 4. Landing gear 5. Powerplant 6. Flight instruments/controls and control surfaces fuselage - ANSWERSbody of an airplane. Contains the cockpit, the cabin, the cargo area if there is one, and attachment points for other major airplane components, such as wings, tail section, and landing gear. cockpit - ANSWERSfrom which the pilots and the flight crew control the aircraft's operations Two design types of fuselage construction - ANSWERS1. truss 2. monocoque Truss construction fuselages - ANSWERSuse steel or aluminum tubing in a series of triangular shapes (called trusses) to get the necessary strength and rigidity monocoque designs - ANSWERSuse bulkheads, stringers, (running the length of the fuselage) and formers (perpendicular to stringers) of various sizes and shapes to support a stretched or "stressed" skin wings - ANSWERSairfoils attached to each side of the fuselage that serve as the main lifting surfaces supporting the airplane in flight. airfoil - ANSWERSan aircraft part or surface (such as wing, propeller blade, or rudder) that controls lift, direction, stability, thrust, or propulsion for the aircraft. monoplanes - ANSWERSairplanes with one set of wings biplanes - ANSWERSairplanes with two sets of wings cantilever wing - ANSWERSrequires no external bracing, getting its support from internal wing spars, ribs, and stringers, as well as the construction of the wing's skin or covering semi-cantilever wing - ANSWERSrequires both internal bracing and external support from struts attached to the fuselage ailerons - ANSWERSextend from about the middle of the wing out toward the wingtip; they move in opposite directions to create aerodynamic forces that cause the airplane to roll flaps - ANSWERSextend outward from near where the wing joins the fuselage (called the wing root) to about the middle of the wing's trailing edge. The flaps are usually flush with the rest of the wing surface when cruising flight; when they are extended, the flaps move downward together to increase the lift of the wing for takeoffs and landings. Most common high lift devices. chord line - ANSWERSthe distance from the leading edge of the wing to the trailing edge. Cuts the airfoil into an upper surface and a lower surface mean camber line - ANSWERSif we plot the points that lie halfway between the upper and lower surfaces, we obtain a curve called the mean camber line. camber - ANSWERSthe maximum difference between the the mean camber line and the chord line. A measure of the curvature of the airfoil. thickness - ANSWERSthe maximum difference between the upper and lower surfaces wingtips - ANSWERSthe ends of the wings wingspan - ANSWERSthe distance from one wingtip to the other a planform - ANSWERSthe shape of the wing viewed from above dihedral angle - ANSWERSwhen the left and right wings aren't truly horizontal to the fuselage, but instead meet at this angle. Built into the design for roll stability; a wing with some dihedral will naturally return to its original position if it encounters a slight displacement Three basic wing types on modern airplanes - ANSWERS1. straight 2. Sweep 3. Delta Straight wings - ANSWERSmostly found on small, low-speed airplanes, as well as gliders and sailplanes. These wings give the most efficient lift at low speeds, but are not very good for high speed flight, especially that approaching the speed of sound swept wings - ANSWERS(either forward swept or swept back) is the most common design for modern high speed airplanes. Creates less drag than straight wing designs, but is somewhat more unstable at low speeds. moderate sweep - ANSWERScommercial jetliner, resulting in less drag while maintaining stability at lower speeds fighter planes have wings with... - ANSWERSa greater sweep, which do not generate much lift during low-speed flight and require relatively high speed take-offs and landings delta wings - ANSWERSlooks like a large triangle viewed from above. It has a high angle of sweep with a straight trailing edge. Airplanes with this type of wing design are designed to reach supersonic speeds, and also land at high speeds. landing gear - ANSWERSprovide the most support for the airplane when it is on the ground. Usually consists of three wheels or sets of wheels. Can be retractable or non-retractable. retractable gear - ANSWERScan be mechanically pulled up into a cavity designed for them, with a door or doors closing over the opening to reduce drag and improve the airplane's performance nonretractable landing gear - ANSWERSusually have fairings over their top half to reduce drag and improve the airplane's performance conventional landing gear/tailwheel airplanes - ANSWERSlanding gear using a tailwheel/ planes that have such landing gear tricycle landing gear - ANSWERSdesigns with the third wheel under the nose (a nosewheel) powerplant - ANSWERSin a propeller driven plane, usually considered to include both the engine and the propeller engine - ANSWERSthe primary function is to turn the propeller, but it also generates electrical power, provide a vacuum source for some flight instruments, and provides a heat source for pilot and passengers in most small single-engine planes. fixed-pitch propeller - ANSWERSpitch has a blade angle that can't be changes by the pilot. The propeller is connected directly to the engine's crankshaft; engine power rotates the crankshaft as well as the propeller, and the propeller converts the engine's rotary power into thrust variable pitch propeller (constant-speed propeller) - ANSWERSmore efficient because the pilot can adjust the blade angle for most efficient operation how jet engines work - ANSWERSforcing incoming air into a tube or cylinder where the