COUN 505 helping techniques study Summary

COUN 505 helping techniques study Summary Dualistic Stage - (stage 1) belief that helper's responses are right or wrong. Very black and white and increases internal pressure and makes helpers overly concerned with their own performance EX: asking for direct feedback, "Was that right? What should I have done?" Multiplistic Stage - (stage 2) realizing there are many possible responses to each statement, there is no right answer. Depending on culture/experience/worldview, what is right for one client may not be right for another. Can be overwhelming. EX: "I know that was an okay response, could I have said anything else?" Relativistic Stage - (stage 3) Will recognize that although many responses are appropriate, some are better than others. Become more skilled (knowledge/self-confidence) at choosing from possibilities. Congruence - Ability to be completely genuine with another person. Consistency with what a person feel and say with how they act. Not afraid to take risks, share reactions with clients, react to here and now. EX: verbal and nonverbal messages match ("I am happy" *smiles*) Positive Regard - Counselor must respect the personhood of each client and believe that everyone has inherent worth. Hazler worked with prison population, differentiated prisoner from their crime. (Counselors can reject person's actions, but cannot reject person) Empathy - Ability to understand another persons feelings or worldview. Clients feel understood and empowered to solve their own problems through empathy (Rogers) Emotional Empathy - Responding to feelings Cognitive Empathy - Reflecting understanding of motives, values, intentions, thinking. Purpose to understand, not evaluate content Courage to Confront - Be willing to make the client aware of painful realities and maladaptive behaviors. Willing to risk clients anger when issues are addressed, in clients best interest Reflective Practitioner - Commit to personal awareness (becoming aware of your automatic reactions & prejudices) Contemplate what has happened and consciously choose a plan of action. Use reflection to overcome challenges and enhance learning. Characteristics of an effective helper - -Positive, accepting view of people -Good self care skills & self esteem -Creative, flexible, and intellectually competent -Knowledge of human relationships, development, and change -Take action/risks -Courage Helping - a broad term that encompasses all the activities we use to assist another person, whether we have a therapeutic relationship or not. Not friendship (commitment, compensation, confidentiality) Professional Helping - Client issues are disclosed and client welfare is paramount; helper receives compensation. Committed to hours of listening, confidentiality, responsibility for outcome, and disregard for whether the client likes them Interviewing - Conversational, emphasis on gathering information rather than improving the situation, makes you a more effective helper because it is a way of making sure you are going in the right direction and treating the right problems. Can be structured of unstructured. Situational Interview - Interview used to test interviewees skills, poise, or ability to think in a live setting. "Stress interviews" are used to see if employees do well under pressure Counseling - Emphasis on the therapeutic relationship, normal development, growth oriented Psychotherapy - Emphasis on pathology and diagnosis Therapeutic Factors - Common curative forces that underlie the helping techniques. We recognize 6 therapeutic factors: 1. Maintaining a strong helper-client relationship 2. Increasing the clients motivation and expectations of help 3. Enhancing the clients sense of mastery of self-efficacy 4. Providing new learning experiences 5. Raising emotional arousal and promoting emotional expression 6. Providing opportunities to practice new behaviors