TEST BANK Biological Science 4th Canadian Edition by Scott Freeman
Biological Science, 4th Canadian Edition (Freeman et al.)
Chapter 1 Biology: The Study of Life
1) Which of the following observations demonstrates the fundamental characteristic of life
known as energy?
A) Organisms are made of membrane-bound units called cells.
B) A bacterium replicates to become two bacteria.
C) Plants absorb sunlight to stay alive and reproduce.
D) The gene that specifies skin colour in frogs is passed from parent to offspring.
E) The use of antibiotics has increased the frequency of bacteria populations that are resistant to
those antibiotics.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.1. Explain what it means to say that an organism is "alive."
2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference–the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses treat
more specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more specific
issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell.
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory–that all organisms consist of cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory–that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
1
,4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is true?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it occurs under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once—when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It would be supported by Pasteur's experiment if cells appeared in the flask treated with
preexisting cells.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and
unsealed flasks instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment
was inconclusive. Which of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked
flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension/Applying
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
6) Double helical DNA
A) serves as a template for protein synthesis.
B) is used to synthesize messenger RNA.
C) contains two identical single strands of DNA.
D) must be accurately copied to ensure variation in organisms.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
2
,7) Which of the following describes the flow of genetic information in cells according to the
central dogma?
A) DNA codes for RNA, which codes for protein.
B) DNA codes for protein, which codes for RNA.
C) RNA codes for DNA, which codes for protein.
D) RNA codes for protein, which codes for DNA.
E) Protein codes for RNA, which codes for DNA.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
8) The two strands of a double helix are joined by connections between the building blocks that
occur between certain letters. Which letter pairs with A?
A) A
B) T
C) G
D) C
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
9) Organisms acquire chemical energy in the form a molecule known as
A) ATP.
B) RNA.
C) DNA.
D) Proteins.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
10) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
11) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus
3
, aureus (an infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use
were stopped, what would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
12) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this
influence natural selection?
A) No. The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
B) Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will
increase in frequency.
C) No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges.
D) Yes. Mutations occur more frequently in hot environments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
13) The "heat" in chili peppers is due to a molecule called capsaicin. Suppose you breed only the
hottest chili peppers over many generations—predict the characteristics of the resulting
individuals.
A) larger fruits
B) smaller fruits
C) less capsaicin
D) more capsaicin
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
4
Biological Science, 4th Canadian Edition (Freeman et al.)
Chapter 1 Biology: The Study of Life
1) Which of the following observations demonstrates the fundamental characteristic of life
known as energy?
A) Organisms are made of membrane-bound units called cells.
B) A bacterium replicates to become two bacteria.
C) Plants absorb sunlight to stay alive and reproduce.
D) The gene that specifies skin colour in frogs is passed from parent to offspring.
E) The use of antibiotics has increased the frequency of bacteria populations that are resistant to
those antibiotics.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.1. Explain what it means to say that an organism is "alive."
2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference–the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses treat
more specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more specific
issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell.
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory–that all organisms consist of cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory–that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
1
,4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is true?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it occurs under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once—when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It would be supported by Pasteur's experiment if cells appeared in the flask treated with
preexisting cells.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and
unsealed flasks instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment
was inconclusive. Which of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked
flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension/Applying
LO: 1.2. Explain what organisms are made of and how cells come to be.
6) Double helical DNA
A) serves as a template for protein synthesis.
B) is used to synthesize messenger RNA.
C) contains two identical single strands of DNA.
D) must be accurately copied to ensure variation in organisms.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
2
,7) Which of the following describes the flow of genetic information in cells according to the
central dogma?
A) DNA codes for RNA, which codes for protein.
B) DNA codes for protein, which codes for RNA.
C) RNA codes for DNA, which codes for protein.
D) RNA codes for protein, which codes for DNA.
E) Protein codes for RNA, which codes for DNA.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
8) The two strands of a double helix are joined by connections between the building blocks that
occur between certain letters. Which letter pairs with A?
A) A
B) T
C) G
D) C
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
9) Organisms acquire chemical energy in the form a molecule known as
A) ATP.
B) RNA.
C) DNA.
D) Proteins.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1.3. Explain how organisms process hereditary information and acquire and use energy.
10) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
11) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus
3
, aureus (an infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use
were stopped, what would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
12) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this
influence natural selection?
A) No. The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
B) Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will
increase in frequency.
C) No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges.
D) Yes. Mutations occur more frequently in hot environments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
13) The "heat" in chili peppers is due to a molecule called capsaicin. Suppose you breed only the
hottest chili peppers over many generations—predict the characteristics of the resulting
individuals.
A) larger fruits
B) smaller fruits
C) less capsaicin
D) more capsaicin
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1.4. Explain the relationships between species and how evolution occurs.
4
