APEA 3P EXAM PREP5 -DERMATOLOGY WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE

APEA 3P EXAM PREP5 -DERMATOLOGY WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE The best way to evaluate jaundice associated with liver disease is to observe: blanching of thehands, feet, andnails. thesclera, skin,andlips. the lips, oral mucosa, and tongue. tympanic membrane and skin only. B. Looking at the sclera allows the examiner to see jaundice most easily and reliably. Jaundice may also appear in the palpebral conjunctiva, lips, hard palate, undersurface of the tongue, tympanic membrane, and skin. Jaundice in adults usually is a result of liver disease, but it can be due to excessive hemolysis of red blood cells. In infants, the usual cause is hemolysis of red blood cells, as is seen in physiologicjaundice. The most common place for a basal cell carcinoma to be found is the: scalp. Face. Ear. Anterior shin.B. The most common presentation of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is on the face. This is probably because BCC occurs secondary to sun damage. The most common sun exposure occurs on the face. In fact, 70% of BCC occurs on the face; 15% occurs onthetrunk. Impetigo is characterized by: honey-colored ry scales. marble-like lesions. wheals with pus. A. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection of the skin characterized by honeycolored crusts. Another form of impetigo is characterized by the presence of bullae.These infections are treated with topical antibiotics, good hygiene, and frequent hand washing. It is usually caused by Staphylococcus or Group A Streptococcus. A patient was burned with hot water. He has several 2-3 cm fluid-filled lesions. What arethesetermed? Vesicle sBullae Cysts Wheals B. Bullae are fluid-filled lesions that are greater than 6 mm in diameter. These are common in patients who have a superficial partial-thickness burn. Vesicles are also fluid filled, but they are smaller than 5 mm in diameter. A cyst is enclosed in a sac that can contain fluid or gelatinous material. Wheals are erythematous, irregular raised areas on the skin. All of these are termed primary lesions. A topical treatment forbasal cell carcinoma is: sulfacetamide lotion. 5-fluorouracil. tetracycline lotion. trichloroacetic acid. B. Several treatments exist for basal and squamous cell carcinoma. The majority are simple procedures like cryotherapy, electrodessication, surgical excision, and a topical treatment like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The other agents listed are not used to treat basal or squamous cell carcinoma. 5-FU works by inhibiting DNA synthesis. It iseffective if used for superficial basal cell carcinomas. It is available in cream and solutionandis usually applied twicedaily for 3-6 weeks. A 74-year-old male patient has sustained a laceration to his foot. His last tetanus shot was more than 10 years ago. He has completed the primary series. What shouldberecommended? Tetanustoxoidonly Tetanus and diphtheria only Hisprimary series willprotect him. Tetanus,diphtheria, and acellularpertussis (Tdap) D. More than 10 years has elapsed since this patient’s last tetanus shot. He needs another one. Tdap is specifically indicated for adolescents, older adults, healthcareproviders, and third trimester pregnant patients who have completed a primary series. Tetanus toxoid is indicated in the rare adult or child who is allergic to the aluminum adjuvant in the Tdimmunization. 7- A patient presents with small vesicles on the lateral edges of his fingers and intense itching. On close inspection, there are small vesicles on the palmar surface of thehand. What is this called? Seborrheic dermatitis Dyshidrotic dermatitisHerpes zoster Varicella zoster B. This dermatitis is intensely pruritic and involves the palms and soles and lateral aspects of the fingers. Over a couple of weeks, the vesicles desquamate. Recurrences are common. Seborrheic dermatitis affects only hairy areas of the body.The vesicles might raise suspicion of a viral infection, but this is not present in this case.