HESI A2 A&P FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2024.

HESI A2 A&P FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2024.Which is an anterior muscle? A. Gluteus maximus B. Quadriceps femoris C. Biceps femoris D. Adductor magnus - ANSWER B. An anterior muscle is located near the front of the body. Of those listed, the quadriceps( frontal thigh muscle) is the most anterior. How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury? A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck C. By reducing vertebral compression D. By preventing disc degeneration - ANSWER B. The headrest prevents the head from moving too far backward, or hyperextending the neck beyond its normal range. Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury? A. Cardiopulmonary problems B. Side-to-side spinal curvature C. Eventual herniation of discs D. Traumatic injury to ligaments - ANSWER D. Because of the hyperflexion and hyperextension caused by such a collision, it is not uncommon to find tears or stretching of the ligaments of the spine. The injury is front-to-back, making choice B unlikely, and a herniated disc (choice C) is more of a compression injury. Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive system are known as ________. A. defecation B. osmosis C. peristalsis D. circulation - ANSWER C. Defecation(choice A) is the elimination of waste. Osmosis (choice B) is the movement of molecules across a membrane. Circulation (choice D) is the movement of blood through the body. Peristalsis (choice C) is the involuntary, wavelike movement of muscles in the intestine and elsewhere that pushes food along. Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy? A. Vitamin B. Carbohydrate C. Fat D. Protein - ANSWER A. Some nutrients supply energy, and others support metabolism. Nutrients in the first set include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Those in the secound set include vitamins, minerals, and water. Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?