NR 509 Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+

NR 509 Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ Know that in a 47-year-old man ED is usually ___________ rather than testosterone psychologic Erectile dysfunction may be from psychogenic causes, especially if early morning erection is preserved. it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes When performing a breast exam, know what abnormal masses should do when the arm may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues (may cause dimpling of skin or retraction when arms are lifted over head or hands are pressed against hips) Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility very mobile/mobile Know that a high proportion of breast masses are noted during ________ BSE Breast stage 1 preadolescent- elevation of nipple only Breast stage 2 breast bud stage- elevation of breast and nipple as a small mound; enlargement of areolar diameter breast stage 3 further enlargement of elevation of breast and areola, with no separation of their contours breast stage 4 projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of breast breast stage 5 mature stage- projection of nipple only; areola has receded to general contour of the breast (although in some individuals the areola continues to form a secondary mound) Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: acute epigastric, may radiation straight to the back of other areas of the abdomen; 20% with severe sequelae of organ failure Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: chronic epigastric, radiating to back Know how hepatitis A is transmitted Transmitted through fecal-oral route. Fecal shedding followed by poor handwashing contaminates water and foods leading to infection of household and sexual contacts Stress incontinence the urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient increases in intra-abdominal pressure raise the bladder pressure to levels that exceed urethral resistance. Causes include childbirth and surgery, postmenopausal atrophy of the mucosa, and urethral infection. May follow prostate surgery in men. urge incontinence detrusor contractions are stronger than normal and overcome the normal urethral resistance. The bladder is typically small. Mechanisms: Decreased cortical inhibition of detrusor contractions from stroke, brain tumor, dementia, and lesions of the spinal cord above sacral level. Also hyperexcitability of sensory pathways ie: bladder infections, tumors, and fecal impaction. Deconditioning of voiding reflexes ie: frequent voluntary voiding at low bladder volumes. overflow