PALS Test Questions with Complete Solutions, Graded to Pass

4 Component of BLS 1. High-quality chest compression 2. Airway 3. Breathing 4. Defibrillation level of medical care used in life-threatening illnesses, situation, or injuries until full medical care is given in or outside hospital setting Basic Life Support lifesaving intervention and the cornerstone of resuscitation from cardiac arrest CPR what are the 5 components of high quality CPR a. Ensuring chest compressions of adequate rate of 100-120/minute. Child/Adult: Heal of one hand; Infant: 2- finger technique for 10-rescuer and 2-thumb technique for 2-rescuer. b. Ensuring chest compressions of adequate depth of 5 cm or 2 inches in Adult and Child, and 4 cm or 1 ½ inches in infants. c. Allowing full chest recoil between compressions. Complete chest recoil contributes to effective CPR by allowing the heart to refill with blood between compression. d. Minimizing interruptions in chest compressions limiting only to less than 10 seconds e. Avoiding excessive ventilation 3 Indications in performing BLS a. Unresponsive patients b. Pulseless patients c. Breathless or abdominal breathing/gasping first step when engaging a patient who is unconscious make sure the scene is safe. How to Elicit responsiveness in a child and infant First make sure the scene is safe, tap both shoulders of the child and shout, "are you okay?" If the child does not move, speak blink or otherwise react, then he is unresponsive. An infant is someone who is younger than 1 year. First make sure the scene is safe, flick the soles or rub the back of the infant and shout "Baby, are you okay?" if the infant does not move, cry, blink or otherwise react, then he is unresponsive. Performing the pulse check for adult, child, and infants In adults and children, check pulse via the carotid area. For victims under 1 year of age or infants, check the brachial pulse instead of the carotid pulse. This pulse check should not take more than 5-10 seconds. If the victim has no response, is not breathing and has no pulse what is your next step? Activate the emergency response system, ask for AED, and immediately begin CPR starting with chest compressions. 4 main assessment steps to remember in BLS a. Check responsiveness by tapping and shouting, "Are you all right?" Scan the patient for absent or abnormal breathing (scan 5-10 seconds). b. Activate the emergency response system and obtain a AED. If there is more than one rescuer, have the second person activate emergency response and get the AED/Defibrillator. c. Circulation: Check for a carotid pulse. This pulse check should not take more than 5-10 seconds. If no pulse is palpable begin CPR. Pediatric compression is performed with the head of one hand over the lower ½ of the sternum, between the nipples. In infants, use two fingers, or use the thumb encircling technique if multiple providers are available. d. Defibrillation: If there is no pulse, check for a shockable rhythm with the AED or defibrillator as soon as itarrives. Follow the instructions provided by the AED or begin advanced resuscitation protocols. how is pediatric compression made? Pediatric compression is performed with the head of one hand over the lower ½ of the sternum, between the nipples. In infants, use two fingers, or use the thumb encircling technique if multiple providers are available. The 5 components of high quality CPR for children 1. Compression rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute 2. Compression depth of at least 1/3 of the AP diameter of the chest (2 inches/5 cm) 3. Allow complete chest recoil 4. Limit interruptions to less than 10 seconds 5. Avoid excessive ventilation how to perform one hand cpr in a child One (1) hand compression (for small children) put the heel of the hand at the center of the victim's chest over the lower half of the sternum.