PALS Quizzes Questions with 100% Complete Solutions, A+

Several healthcare providers have responded to a "Code and are participating in an attempted resuscitation of a 3 year old male child. As Team Leader, which of the following is most consistent with your responsibilities? Assign roles to team members A 12-year-old female patient with asthma is being treated in your Emergency Department (ED) and just received oxygen and albuterol via a hand held nebulizer. What is the next most appropriate intervention with this patient? Reassess breath sounds and clinical status During a resuscitation attempt of a 1 y/o female child in Pulseless Arrest, the team leader orders an initial dose of epinephrine at 0.1 mg/kg to be given Interosteously ( IO). What should you do as the Medication Nurse/ Code Team member? Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose Correct dose is 0.01 mg/kg for IV In Infants, what is the most likely cause of head bobbing? Increased respiratory effort A 3-week-old male infant presents to your Instacare with a history of irritability and poor feeding. His blood pressure is 56/42 mm Hg. What term describes this infant's blood pressure? Hypotensive Hypotension in children is determined by age and systolic blood pressure (BP), measured in mmHg. Term neonates (0 to 28 days): The systolic BP is 60 mmHg. Infants (1 to 12 months): Systolic BP is 70 mmHg. Children 1 to 10 years (5th BP percentile): Systolic BP is * 70 mmHg + (age in years x 2). Children 10 years: Systolic BP is 90 mmHg. Hypotension in children Hypotension in children is determined by age and systolic blood pressure (BP), measured in mmHg. Term neonates (0 to 28 days): The systolic BP is 60 mmHg. Infants (1 to 12 months): Systolic BP is 70 mmHg. Children 1 to 10 years (5th BP percentile): Systolic BP is * 70 mmHg + (age in years x 2). Children 10 years: Systolic BP is 90 mmHg. *For example, you use the following calculation to determine hypotension by systolic blood pressure for a 7 year old: 70 mmHg + (7 years of age x 2) 70 mmHg + (14) =84 mmHg Therefore, a 7-year-old child is hypotensive when the systolic blood pressure is less than 84 mmHg. Heart Rate Normals (Children) The heart rate (per minute) is defined depending upon age and if the child is awake or asleep. Newborns up to 3 months old: 85–205 awake; 80–160 asleep. 3 months to 2 years old: 100–190 awake; 75–160 asleep. Ages 2 to 10: 60–140 awake; 60–90 asleep. Ages 10+: 60–100 awake; 50–90 asleep. Respiratory Rate (RR) normals Infant, 30-60. Toddler, 24-40. Preschooler, 22-34. School-aged, 18-30. Adolescent, 12-16. Summary of Steps of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 1. Recognition of unresponsiveness: gasping and breathing 2. If no pulse is felt within the first 10 seconds, the CPR sequence should be initiated—compressions of the chest, providing airway, and breathing (C-A-B). 3. Compression rate should be at least 100/min 4. the depth of compression; for children, it should be 1/2 of anterior-posterior chest diameter or about 2 inches; for infants, it is at least 1/3 of the anterior-posterior chest diameter or about 1 and 1/2 inches (4 cm). 5. In all the age groups, the chest should be allowed to recoil completely between compressions. 6. The compressors may be rotated in 2 minutes intervals. Interruptions between compressions should be minimized as much as possible and should be restricted to less than 10 seconds. 7. Airway may be provided through a head-tilt-chin-lift method while in case of suspected trauma, the jaw-thrust method should be used. Until the placement of advanced airway, the compression to ventilation ratio should be maintained at 30:2 (with 1-2 rescuers in action) for adults; for children and infants, the ratio needs to be at 30:2 (single rescuer in action) while 15:2 (2 rescuers in action). 8. For all the age groups, with advanced airway in place, 8-10 breaths/min should be provided, that is 1 breath every 6-8 seconds. The breathing needs to be asynchronous with chest compressions, around 1 second per breath with visible rise in chest. 9. As soon as available, the AED leads should be attached and put to use. Before and after shock, interruptions between chest compressions should be minimized. Immediately following each shock, CPR should be resumed with chest compressions. Adenosine supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). A first rapid push of 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO with a maximum of 6 mg should be given. This should be followed by a second rapid push of 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO up to a maximum of 12 mg.